中国儿童保健杂志 ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (1): 51-55.DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-0484

所属专题: 孤独症谱系障碍

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

孤独症谱系障碍儿童脑发育的研究进展

刘嘉宁 综述, 陈燕惠 审校   

  1. 福建医科大学附属协和医院儿科,福建 福州 350001
  • 收稿日期:2018-04-17 发布日期:2019-01-10 出版日期:2019-01-10
  • 通讯作者: 陈燕惠,E-mail:yanhui_0655@126.com
  • 作者简介:刘嘉宁(1994-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事儿童神经发育方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2016YFC1306204)

Research progress on the brain development of children with autism spectrum disorders

LIU Jia-ning, CHEN Yan-hui   

  1. Pediatrics of Fujian Union Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University,Fujian,Fuzhou 350001,China
  • Received:2018-04-17 Online:2019-01-10 Published:2019-01-10
  • Contact: CHEN Yan-hui,E-mail:yanhui_0655@126.com

摘要: 近年来关于孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)脑的结构、神经通路和神经元兴奋性方面的研究进展很快,研究发现在儿童早期即可通过影像学和脑电图检查发现ASD患者脑发育的异常,如胼胝体结构的异常,白质神经通路的混乱等改变。此外,发现部分神经元的兴奋性异常与ASD行为学改变有关,其兴奋性与某种受体活性和某种信号传导通路有关,这有助于解释ASD患者发病机制、行为学表现等,同时,相关生物学改变也有助于协助ASD的诊断并成为ASD治疗干预的切入点。

关键词: 孤独症谱系障碍, 脑发育, 儿童, 早期诊断

Abstract: Researches on the structure,neural pathways and neuronal excitability of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have progressed rapidly in recent years. Studies indicated that abnormalities of brain development in ASD children can be found in early childhood by imaging and elctroencephalogram(EEG) examination,such as abnormalities in the corpus callosum and confusions in the nerve pathways of the white matter.On the other hand,the excitability abnormalities of some neurons is related to the behavioral changes of ASD,and the abnormalities were related to some receptor activities and some signaling pathways. These findings are helpful to explain the pathogenesis mechanism and behavioral manifestation of ASD,and related biological changes could also help to diagnose ASD and provide a breakthrough point for the treatment of ASD.

Key words: autism spectrum disorder, brain development, children, early diagnosis

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