注意缺陷多动障碍共患发育性协调障碍的学龄前儿童智力结构特征

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2022-0802

中国儿童保健杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2): 136-140.DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2022-0802

注意缺陷多动障碍共患发育性协调障碍的学龄前儿童智力结构特征

黄琦, 黄欣欣, 钱沁芳, 王章琼, 李国凯

福建省妇幼保健院儿童保健中心,福建医科大学妇儿临床医学院,福建福州 350001

收稿日期:2022-07-01 修回日期:2022-11-18 发布日期:2023-02-16 出版日期:2023-02-10
通讯作者: 李国凯,E-mail:516204759@qq.com
作者简介:黄琦(1989-),女,福建人,主治医师,本科学历,主要研究方向发育行为儿科学与相关疾病治疗。
基金资助:
福建省卫生健康中青年骨干人才培养项目(2019ZQN21)

Characteristics of intelligence structure in preschool children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and developmental coordination disorder

HUANG Qi, HUANG Xin-xin, QIAN Qin-fang, WANG Zhang-qiong, LI Guo-kai

Department of Child Healthcare Center, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children′s Hospital; College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China

Received:2022-07-01 Revised:2022-11-18 Online:2023-02-10 Published:2023-02-16
Contact: LI Guo-kai, E-mail:516204759@qq.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析5~6岁注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)共患发育性协调障碍(DCD)儿童的智力结构特征,旨在为学龄前ADHD共患DCD儿童的针对性干预提供理论依据。方法 2020年7月—2022年4月对就诊于福建省妇幼保健院确诊为ADHD的儿童进行发育性协调障碍问卷(DCDQ)筛查,结果为可疑和异常的儿童以美国精神医学学会精神障碍诊断与统计手册(第5版)(DSM-5)为诊断标准,确诊DCD者共70例,另单纯ADHD患儿50例为对照组,均进行韦氏幼儿智力量表测试,对比两组儿童智力结构特征。结果 ADHD共患DCD组儿童的总智商(t=2.884)、言语理解(t=3.059)、视觉空间(t=2.198)、工作记忆(t=2.345)、加工速度指数(t=3.314)均显著低于单纯ADHD组(P＜0.05);两组流体推理指数比较,差异无统计学意义(t=0.997,P＞0.05)。比较10个核心分测验的得分,共患DCD组均较单纯ADHD组低,其中常识(Z=2.285)、类同(t=2.645)、拼图(t=2.225)、动物家园(Z=3.307)、找虫(t=3.033)和划消分测验(t=2.299)的得分差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论共患DCD的ADHD儿童的总智商较单纯ADHD儿童低,主要表现在言语理解、视觉空间、工作记忆、加工速度指数方面,故对共患DCD的学龄前ADHD儿童除传统的心理行为治疗外,在训练和教育中还应注意对该共患病进行针对性的干预。

关键词: 注意缺陷多动障碍, 发育性协调障碍, 智力结构, 学龄前儿童

Abstract: Objective To analyze the characteristics of intelligence structure in preschool children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and developmental coordination disorder (DCD), in order to provide theoretical basis for targeted intervention of preschool children with ADHD and DCD. Methods From July 2020 to April 2022, preschool children diagnosed with ADHD in Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children′s Hospital were screened with Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ). Children with suspicious and abnormal results were diagnosed using the American Psychiatric Association′s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th edition) (DSM-5) as the diagnostic criteria. Finally, 70 ADHD children were diagnosed with DCD, and 50 children with ADHD were taken as the control group. Wechsler Infant Intelligence Scale was used to test the intelligence structure of all children in this study. Results The full scale intelligence quotient (IQ) (t=2.884), verbal comprehension (t=3.059),visual spatial (t=2.198),working memory (t=2.345)and processing speed index (t=3.314) of ADHD children comorbid with DCD were significantly lower than those with simple ADHD(P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in fluid reasoning index between children in the two groups (t=0.997, P＞0.05). Compared with the scores of 10 core subtests, the scores of ADHD children comorbid with DCD were lower than those of children with simple ADHD, among which the scores of information (Z=2.285), similarities (t=2.645), object assembly (t=2.225),zoo locations (Z=3.307),bug search (t=3.033) and cancellation (t=2.299) were significantly different (P＜0.05). Conclusions The total intelligence quotient of ADHD children comorbid with DCD is lower than that of simple ADHD children, which is mainly manifested in speech comprehension, visual space, working memory and processing speed index. Therefore, in addition to the traditional psychological behavior therapy, targeted intervention should be strengthened for preschool ADHD children comorbid with DCD in training and education.

Key words: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, developmental coordination disorder, intelligence structure, preschool children

中图分类号:

R749.94

黄琦, 黄欣欣, 钱沁芳, 王章琼, 李国凯. 注意缺陷多动障碍共患发育性协调障碍的学龄前儿童智力结构特征[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2023, 31(2): 136-140.

HUANG Qi, HUANG Xin-xin, QIAN Qin-fang, WANG Zhang-qiong, LI Guo-kai. Characteristics of intelligence structure in preschool children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and developmental coordination disorder[J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2023, 31(2): 136-140.

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注意缺陷多动障碍共患发育性协调障碍的学龄前儿童智力结构特征

Characteristics of intelligence structure in preschool children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and developmental coordination disorder

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