中国儿童保健杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (6): 618-622.DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2019-1017

• 科研论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国12~17岁儿童青少年体格测量指标与血压偏高的关联分析

张华琴1*, 马云2*, 沈丽3, 谭秋萍1   

  1. 1 江苏省扬州市江都人民医院儿科,江苏 扬州 225200;
    2 武警江苏省总队医院,江苏 扬州 225002;
    3 江苏省扬州市生态科技新城杭集社区卫生服务中心,江苏 扬州 225111
  • 收稿日期:2019-09-26 发布日期:2020-06-10 出版日期:2020-06-10
  • 通讯作者: 谭秋萍,E-mail:2279563725@qq.com
  • 作者简介:张华琴(1978-),女,江苏人,主管护师,学士学位,主要研究方向为青少年营养与健康。马云(1985-),女,江苏人,主管护士,本科学历,主要研究方向为儿童护理。
    注:*为共同第一作者。
  • 基金资助:
    中国疾病预防控制中心与食品安全所与美国北卡罗莱纳大学人口中心合作开展的“中国健康与营养调查”项目(R01-HD30880,DK056350,R01-HD38700)。

Association between anthropometric measurements and high blood pressure among Chinese children and adolescents aged 12-17 years

ZHANG Hua-qin1*, MA Yun2*, SHEN Li3, TAN Qiu-ping1   

  1. 1 Department of Pediatric,Jiangdu People′s Hospital,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225200,China;
    2 JiangSu Armed Police General Hospital,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225002,China;
    3 Hangji Community Health Service Center,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225111,China
  • Received:2019-09-26 Online:2020-06-10 Published:2020-06-10
  • Contact: TAN Qiu-ping,E-mail:2279563725@qq.com

摘要: 目的 分析12~17岁我国青少年收缩压、舒张压和血压偏高的流行情况,探讨体格测量指标(BMI、腰围、腰臀比、腰围身高比)与血压偏高之间的关联关系,为相关部门制定儿童青少年的高血压防控策略提供参考依据。方法 选取1991-2015年“中国健康与营养调查”数据,研究对象为资料完整的5 554名12~17岁儿童青少年。血压偏高的定义采用2018年国家卫生和健康委员会发布的“7~18岁儿童青少年血压偏高筛查界值”行业标准。采用多因素Logistic回归分析血压偏高与4个体格测量指标的关联关系。结果 1991-2015年我国12~17岁儿童青少年血压偏高、单纯收缩压偏高及单纯舒张压偏高的检出率分别为9.67%、1.57%和6.41%。瘦和正常组、超重组、肥胖组三个亚组的血压偏高检出率分别为8.79%、17.88%和27.45%,单纯收缩压偏高检出率分别为1.39%、3.03%和5.88%,单纯舒张压偏高检出率分别为5.99%、10.91%和12.75%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,血压偏高、单纯收缩压偏高及单纯舒张压偏高的风险随BMI增大呈上升趋势(P<0.05)。结论 中国12~17岁儿童青少年超重和肥胖人群中血压偏高检出率较高。预防和控制超重和肥胖是有效应对儿童青少年血压偏高的重要手段。

关键词: 儿童青少年, 血压偏高, 体重指数

Abstract: Objective To analyze the prevalence of systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and high blood pressure in Chinese adolescents aged 12-17 years,and to explore the relationship between anthropometric measurements(BMI,waist circumference,waist-to-hip ratio,waist-to-height ratio) and high blood pressure,so as to provide reference for relevant departments to develop strategies for prevention and control of hypertension in children and adolescents. Methods Totally 5 554 children and adolescents aged 12-17 years with completed variables from “China Health and Nutrition Survey” conducted from 1991 to 2015 were selected as study subjects.The definition of high blood pressure was based on the national standard of “high blood pressure screening threshold for children and adolescents aged 7-18 years” issued by the National Health and Health Commission in 2018.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between high blood pressure and the four physical measures. Results From 1991 to 2015,the prevalence rates of high blood pressure isolated high systolic blood pressure,and isolated high diastolic blood pressure in children and adolescents aged 12-17 years in China were 9.67%,1.57%,and 6.41%,respectively.The high blood pressure prevalence rates of lean and normal,overweight and obesity group were 8.79%,17.88% and 27.45%,respectively. Meanwhile,the prevalence of isolated high systolic blood pressure were 1.39%,3.03% and 5.88%,respectively and the prevalence of isolated high diastolic pressure were 5.99%,10.91% and 12.75%,respectively.Multivariable Logistic regression model revealed that the risk of high blood pressure,isolated high systolic blood pressure and isolated high diastolic blood pressure increased with the elevation of BMI level(P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of high blood pressure in overweight and obese people aged 12-17 years in China is higher.Preventing and controlling the overweight and obesity is an important measure to cope with the high blood pressure of children and adolescents.

Key words: children and adolescents, high blood pressure, body mass index

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