中国儿童保健杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (6): 614-618.DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2020-1788

• 科研论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

家庭生态系统视角下长子女情绪和行为问题研究

金梦, 杨斯钰, 田朴, 黄亚芹, 周乐山   

  1. 中南大学湘雅护理学院,湖南省妇女学研究会,中南大学妇女儿童健康与发展研究中心,湖南 长沙 410013
  • 收稿日期:2020-10-09 修回日期:2020-11-11 发布日期:2021-08-04 出版日期:2021-06-10
  • 通讯作者: 周乐山,E-mail:leshanzhou@csu.edu
  • 作者简介:金梦(1995-),女,河南人,硕士在读,主要研究方向为儿童健康促进。
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省妇女理论与实践研究项目(19YB11)

Research on emotional and behavioral problems of older children fromthe perspective of family ecosystem

JIN Meng, YANG Si-yu, TIAN Pu, HUANG Ya-qin, ZHOU Le-shan   

  1. Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha,Hunan 410013, China
  • Received:2020-10-09 Revised:2020-11-11 Online:2021-06-10 Published:2021-08-04
  • Contact: ZHOU Le-shan,E-mail:leshanzhou@csu.edu

摘要: 目的 研究二孩家庭中长子女情绪和行为问题现状,并在家庭生态系统内分析其影响因素。方法 于2020年4-7月在河南省商丘市选取538名长子女为研究对象,采用长处和困难问卷、儿童版父母教养方式问卷以及家庭亲密度和适应性量表进行调查。 结果 长子女情绪和行为困难总分异常检出率为15.1%(81/538),多因素Logistic回归分析显示,8~13岁的年龄差(OR=2.406,95% CI:1.159~4.995),竞争的同胞关系(OR=4.773,95% CI:1.933~11.785),父/母亲过度保护(OR=2.821,95% CI:1.076~7.392)/(OR=4.113,95% CI:1.903~8.890)、父亲拒绝(OR=3.215,95% CI:1.324~7.807)的教养方式,以及规律型家庭(OR=4.055,95% CI:1.312~12.533)中长子女情绪行为异常风险显著升高;而相较于抑郁质,其他气质类型长子女情绪行为异常风险显著降低(OR=0.227、0.228、0.230,95% CI:0.073~0.707、0.069~0.754、0.071~0.744),相较于低收入家庭(月收入<2 000元),其他高收入家庭长子女情绪行为异常风险显著降低(OR=0.272、0.334、0.133、0.228;95% CI:0.095~0.778、0.119~0.939、0.035~0.501,0.056~0.924)。结论 二孩家庭中长子女情绪行为问题高于同期儿童青少年水平,需关注二孩家庭中的长子女,根据不同特征的个体进行针对性的干预。

关键词: 二孩家庭, 长子女, 情绪, 行为, 家庭生态系统

Abstract: Objective To study the emotional and behavioral problems of older children in two-child families, and to analyze the influencing factors within the family ecosystem. Methods From April to July, 2020, 538 older children in Shangqiu city, Henan Province were selected as the participants. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Children's Parenting Style Questionnaire and Family Intimacy and Adaptability Scale were used to conduct the survey. Results The abnormal detection rate of emotional and behavioral difficulties was 15.1% (81/538). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the age gap of 8 to 13 years old (OR=2.406, 95%CI:1.159-4.995), competitive sibling relationship (OR=4.773, 95%CI:1.933-11.785), overprotection of parents (OR=2.821, 95%CI:1.076-7.392)/(OR=4.113,95%CI:1.903-8.890), fathers' rejection (OR=3.215, 95%CI:1.324-7.807), and regular families (OR=4.055, 95%CI:1.312-12.533) significantly increased the risk of emotional and behavioral problems in middle and older children. Compared with temperament of depression, the risk of emotional and behavioral problems in the children of other temperament types was significantly reduced (OR=0.227, 0.228, 0.230, 95%CI:0.073-0.707, 0.069-0.754, 0.071-0.744). And the risk of emotional and behavioral problems in the children of other high-income families was significantly reduced (OR=0.272, 0.334, 0.133, 0.228, 95%CI:0.095-0.778, 0.119-0.939, 0.035-0.501,0.056-0.924) compared with the children in low-income families (monthly income < 2 000 yuan). Conclusions The emotional and behavioral problems of the older children in the two-child family are more prevalent than those of the children and adolescents at the same time. Therefore, attention should be paid to the older children in the two-child family, and targeted interventions should be conducted according to different characteristics of individuals.

Key words: two-child family, older children, emotions, behavior, home ecosystem

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