关键词: 神经心理发育, 发育商, 儿童

Abstract: Objective To analyze the neuropsychological development of children at the age of 2 years old, in order to provide reference for promoting the early development of children.Methods 1 042 children who were regularly followed up in the Early Childhood Development Clinic of Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center were selected into this study, and were divided into four groups according to their gestational age, including early preterm infants (28~33⁺⁶ weeks), late preterm infants (34~36⁺⁶ weeks), early term infants (37~38⁺⁶ weeks), and full term infants (39~41⁺⁶ weeks).Gesell Development Scale was used to assess their neuropsychological development at the corrected age of 2 years old.Results There were statistically significant differences in the development quotients (DQ) of adaptability, gross motor and fine motor among the four groups (F=3.152, 2.821, 5.256, P＜0.05).Pair comparison among groups showed that the DQ of adaptability, gross motor and fine motor of early preterm infants were lower than those of early term infants and full term infants, and late preterm infants were lower than full term infants in terms of fine motor (P＜0.05).The incidence rates of neuropsychological development delay (DQ<85) in gross motor and fine motor among the four groups were significantly different (χ²=12.440, 27.128, P<0.05), and the risk ranged from low to high group was as follows: full term infants<early term infants<late preterm infants<early preterm infants.Compared with full term infants, late preterm infants had an increased risk of fine motor developmental delay at 2 years old (OR=1.809,95%CI:1.102 - 2.970, P<0.05).Conclusions Early preterm infants and late preterm infants have different degrees of neuropsychological developmental delay at the age of 2 years old.So it is necessary to extend follow-up and strengthen intervention.

Key words: neuropsychological development, development quotients, child