汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童视空间工作记忆与语言认知相关性的研究

中国儿童保健杂志 ›› 2011, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (10): 881-883.

汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童视空间工作记忆与语言认知相关性的研究

骆艳¹,王晶²,吴汉荣¹

1 华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健系,湖北武汉 430030;
2 武汉市精神卫生中心,湖北武汉 430000

收稿日期:2011-05-26 发布日期:2011-10-06 出版日期:2011-10-06
通讯作者: 吴汉荣,E-mail:wuhr0522@163.com
作者简介:骆艳(1979-),女,贵州人,主治医师,博士在读,研究方向为儿童心理行为发展
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金( 30872132)

Correlation between visual-spatial working memory and chinese language cognition of children with developmental dyslexia

LUO Yan¹, WANG Jing², WU Han-rong¹

1 Department of Child and Women Health Care, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China;
2 Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, China

Received:2011-05-26 Online:2011-10-06 Published:2011-10-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究汉语阅读障碍儿童在视空间工作记忆与正常儿童的差异,探讨视空间工作记忆与基本语言认知的相关性。【方法】按照ICD-10中阅读困难的诊断标准, 从武汉某小学筛选出25名汉语阅读障碍儿童为实验组, 并从同性别、同年级的正常儿童中选择正常对照33人。对两组儿童进行识字量、语音意识、正字法等基本语言认知测试,同时采用视空间工作记忆的研究范式-视觉矩阵和Corsi广度,考察两组儿童在视觉工作记忆和空间工作记忆任务上的表现。【结果】语言认知测试,阅读障碍组儿童得分均明显低于正常儿童组(P值均<0.05)。阅读障碍组儿童视觉矩阵得分和Corsi广度得分明显低于正常对照组儿童,差异均具有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。视觉矩阵得分和Corsi广度得分均与儿童识字量、正字法意识测试呈正相关(P值均< 0.05),但与语音意识测试均无显著相关性(P值均＞0.05)。【结论】阅读障碍儿童的视空间工作记忆存在缺陷,视空间工作记忆与儿童识字量、正字法意识存在一定相关性。

关键词: 汉语发展性阅读障碍, 视空间工作记忆, 语言认知

Abstract: 【Objective】 To explore visual-spatial sketch Pad function in Chinese developmental dyslexic children. To study the correlation between visual-spatial working memory of subjects and language cognition. 【Methods】 Dyslexic children were chosen according to the International Classification of Diseases-10(ICD-10), and control group was matched for gender, age. All subjects were assessed by written vocabulary skills, phonological processing skills and orthographic skills. Visual matrix span task and Corsi span task were used to measure visual-spatial working memory. 【Results】 The scores of dyslexic children on language cognition were significantly lower on the normal readers(P<0.05). The scores of dyslexic children on Visual matrix span task scores and Corsi span task were significantly lower on the normal readers(P<0.05). There were significant statistically correlation coefficients between the scores of Visual matrix span task scores and Corsi span task and the scores of written vocabulary skills and orthographic skills. There were no significant statistically correlation coefficients with phonological processing skills(P＞0. 05). 【Conclusions】 Children with developmental dyslexia show deficits in visual-spatial working memory ability. There are significant correlations between visual-spatial working memory and their written vocabulary skills and orthographic skills.

Key words: developmental dyslexia of Chinese, visual-spatial working memory, language congnition

中图分类号:

R749.94

骆艳,王晶,吴汉荣. 汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童视空间工作记忆与语言认知相关性的研究[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2011, 19(10): 881-883.

LUO Yan, WANG Jing, WU Han-rong. Correlation between visual-spatial working memory and chinese language cognition of children with developmental dyslexia[J]. journal1, 2011, 19(10): 881-883.

参考文献

[1] Siok WT, Perfetti CA, Jin Z, et al. Biological abnormality of impaired reading is constrained by culture[J]. Nature,2004,431:71-76.
[2] Zhang HY, Wu HR. Inhibitory ability of children with developmental dyscalculia[J]. J Huazhong Univ Sci Technol[Med Sci],2011,31(1):131-136.
[3] 朱冬梅,王晶,吴汉荣.汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童的转换功能研究[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2011,19(3):207-209.
[4] Ziegler JC. Do differences in brain activation challenge universal theories of dyslexia?[J]. Brain and Language,2006,98:341-343.
[5] Siok WT, Niu ZD, Jin Z, et al. A structural-functional basis for dyslexia in the cortex of Chinese readers[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2008,105:5561-5566. [6] Perfetti CA, Tan LH, Siok WT. Brain-behavior relations in reading and dyslexia: Implications of chinese results[J]. Brain Lang,2006;98:344-346.
[7] Wang JJ, Bi HY, Gao LQ, et al. The visual magnocellular pathway in Chinese-speaking children with developmental dyslexia[J]. Neuropsychologia,2010,48(12):3627-3633.
[8] Berninger, VW, Raskind W. A multidisciplinary approach to understanding developmental dyslexia within working-memory architecture: genotypes, phenotypes, brain, and instruction[J]. Dev Neuropsychol,2008,33(6):707-744.
[9] Vasic N, Lohr C, Steinbrink C, et al. Neural correlates of working memory performance in adolescents and young adults with dyslexia[J]. Neuropsychologia,2008,46:640-648.
[10] 王恩国,沈德立,吕勇.语文学习困难儿童的短时记忆、工作记忆和加工速度[J].心理科学,2008,31(1):5-10.
[11] Sharman J, John E. Working memory:Its role in dyslexia and other specific learning difficulties[J]. Dyslexia,2004,10(3):196-214.
[12] 吴汉荣,宋然然,姚彬.儿童汉语阅读障碍量表的初步编制[J].中国学校卫生,2006,27(2):189-190.
[13] 王孝玲,陶保平.小学生识字量测试题库及评价量表[M].上海:上海教育出版社,1996.
[14] Ho CSH, Chan DWO. The Hong Kong test of specific leaning difficulties in reading and writing(HKT-SpLD)[M]. Hong Kong: Hong Kong specific leaning Research Team,2000.
[15] 王晓辰.汉语发展性阅读障碍语音及正字法缺损的认知过程基础-基于PASS理论的研究[D].上海:华东师范大学,2010.
[16] 孟祥芝,周晓琳.发展性阅读障碍与知觉加工[J].心理学报,2002,4(4):437-440.
[17] D'Amico A, Guarnera M. Exploring working memory in children with low arithmetical achievement[J]. Learning and Individual Differences,2005,15(3):189-202.
[18] Baddeley A. The episodic buffer: a new component of working memory?[J]. Trends in Cognitive Sciences,2000,4(11):417-423.
[19] Smith EE, Jonides J. Neuroscience-Storage and executive processes in the frontal lobes[J]. Science,1999,283(5408):1657-1661.
[20] Helland T, Asbjrnsen A. Digit span in dyslexia: variations according to language comprehension and mathematics skills[J]. Journal of Clinical,2004,26(1):31-42.
[21] von Károlyi C, Winner E, Gray W, et al. Dyslexia linked to talent: global visual spatial ability[J]. Brain and Language,2003,85:422-431.
[22] Kibby MY, Marks W, Morgan S, et al. Specific impairment in developmental reading disabilities: A working memory approach[J]. Journal of Learning Disabilities,2004,37(4):349-363.
[23] Tan LH, Spinks JA, Eden GF, et al. Reading depends on writing, in Chinese[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2005,102(24):8781-87851.
[24] Siok WT, Niu ZD, Jin Z, et al. A structural-functional basis for dyslexia in the cortex of chinese readers[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2008,105(14):5561-5566.