关键词: 早产儿, 神经心理发育, Gesell发育量表

Abstract: Objective To explore the neuropsychological development of 24-month-old preterm infants by analysing the results of Gesell Developmental Scale,and to provide evidence for improving neuropsychological development of preterm infants. Methods A total of 278 preterm infants admitted to the Neonatology Department of Qinzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital and regularly followed up after discharge were selected as the preterm group,and were divided into two subgroups according to gestational age (GA).A total of 113 full-term infants admitted during the same period were selected as the term group.Gesell developmental quotients (DQs) of all infants at their 24 months old were collected and the results of Gesell Developmental Scale were compared among all the groups to find out the differences in their neuropsychological development. Results 1) There was no significant difference on the incidences of abnormal gross motor movement and abnormal fine movement between preterm group and term group (P>0.05).No significant difference had been found in the DQs of those functional areas between the two groups.Compared with the term group,the preterm group had higher incidences of abnormality in language,adaptability and social contact,and lower DQs of those functional areas.2) There was no significant difference in the incidence of abnormality in gross motor movement,fine motor movement,language,adaptability and social contact between preterm infants with GA≥32 weeks and term infants.However,the DQs of the three functional areas(language,adaptability and social contact) were lower in preterm infants with GA≥32 weeks.3) Compared with term infants,preterm infants with GA less than 32 weeks had higher incidences of abnormality in all functional areas and lower DQs of all functional areas. Conclusions The majority of 24-month-old preterm infants have catched up with the term infants in gross motor movement and fine movement,however,the development of language,adaptability and social contact is still delayed.The neuropsychological development of preterm infants with GA less than 32 weeks is not balanced with that of term infants.Therefore,it is necessary to extend the length of follow-up time and strengthen the intervention.

Key words: preterm infants, neuropsychological development, Gesell Developmental Scale