关键词: 孤独症谱系障碍, 人口统计学特征, 病例对照研究

Abstract: Objective To analyze the demographic characteristics and related risk factors of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD),in order to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and treatment of ASD. Methods A retrospective investigation with 1∶1 case-control study was conducted to investigate demographic data and related factors in 94 cases of ASD children and normal children from April 2016 to September 2017. The differences concerning health influencing factors between the two groups were compared and Logistic regression analysis was used to related factors. Results Boys were affected more frequently than girls with the ratio of 5.7∶1. There were significant differences on suffering hypoxia at birth,education level of their parents,mothers' occupations,child-bearing ages,health conditions and family income between the two groups(P＜0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that mother engaged in manual work(OR=0.123,P=0.001)and higher family income(OR=0.065,P=0.015)may be the protective factors of ASD,while father older than 30 years old(OR=3.610,P=0.002)may be a risk factor of ASD. Conclusions Avoiding old age for fertility and taking exercise outside are helpful to prevent the development of ASD.

Key words: autism spectrum disorder, demographic characteristics, case-controlstudy