关键词: 高危早产儿, 低危早产儿, 神经心理发育

Abstract: Objective To explore the neuropsychological development of preterm infants, so as to provide basis for targeted early intervention. Methods A total of 326 premature infants (including 123 high-risk premature infants and 203 low-risk premature infants) who established project management in Children′s Health Center of Xi′an Fourth Hospital from March 2016 to October 2019 were enrolled in this study, and meanwhile 206 full-term infants were randomly selected as control group. The neuropsychological development level was evaluated by Gesell Developmental Scales (GDS) at the corrected age of 6, 12 and 24 months old. The results of the evaluation were analyzed by Chi-square test. Results 1) There were significant differences on the development delay rate of five dimensions in GDS among high-risk preterm infants, low-risk preterm infants and term infants at the corrected age of 6, 12 and 24 months old(χ²=13.247, 26.600, 10.652, 15.587, 12.920, 18.475, 30.471, 19.339, 51.203, 6.999, 11.601, 15.888, 7.506, 13.564, 7.696,P<0.05). 2) There were significant differences on gross motor, fine motor and language development in the same group of children at the corrected age of 6, 12 and 24 months old (χ²=42.287,17.416,16.492,29.209,14.267,19.768, 17.679,39.345,11.448, P<0.05). Conclusion The neuropsychological development of preterm infants, especially in high-risk preterm infants, lags behind that of full-term infants. And there are imbalances in the development dimensions. Correct understanding of the neuropsychological development of premature infants is of great significance for the implementation of early intervention.

Key words: high-risk premature infants, low-risk premature infants, neuropsychological development