关键词: 孕前BMI, 孕期增重, 妊娠结局, 儿童哮喘

Abstract: Objective To investigate the associations of body mass index (BMI) in maternal pre-pregnancy and gestational weight gain with early childhood asthma. Methods A total of 170 women born in the Third Hospital of Xi′an from January 2014 to January 2016 were enrolled.According to the pre-pregnancy BMI,the participants were divided into normal body mass group (control group,n=88) and obesity group (n=82).Pre-pregnancy BMI,gestational weight gain and neonatal status were recorded for statistical analysis.Regular follow-ups were conducted every year and the incidence of asthma in children was compared. Results 1) Compared with control group,the proportion of normal weight gain during pregnancy was significantly lower in the obese group,and the proportion of excessive weight gain was significantly increased (χ²=12.61,16.94,P<0.01).2) Compared with control group,the cesarean section rate,the proportion of giant children and the neonatal BMI significantly increased in the obese group (P<0.05).3) Compared with control group,the total incidence of asthma was significantly higher in the obese group than in the control group,and the incidence of asthma in children whose mother with excessive weight gain in the obese group was significantly higher(χ²=5.725,5.067,P<0.05). Conclusions Pre-pregnancy obesity and excessive gestational weight gain are risk factors for asthma in children,which are also the main reasons of increase in cesarean section and the proportion of macrosomia.Reasonable control of pre-pregnancy BMI and weight gain during pregnancy is beneficial to improving pregnancy outcome and effective control of the incidence of childhood asthma.

Key words: pre-pregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain, pregnancy outcome, childhood asthma