关键词: 维生素A, 支气管哮喘, 肺功能, T淋巴细胞亚群, 炎症介质, 预后

Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of vitamin A nutrition on T lymphocyte subsets, related cytokines and prognosis in preschool children with asthma, in order to provide theoretical evidence for the prevention and treatment of bronchial asthma. Methods A total of 120 preschool children with bronchial asthma admitted to Huangshi Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Edong Medical Group from June 2017 to June 2019 were enrolled in this study, and their clinical data were collected retrospectively.Meanwhile, 80 healthy school-age children in this hospital were selected as control group.According to the nutritional status of vitamin A during hospitalization, the case group was divided into three groups: vitamin A normal group, vitamin A marginal deficiency group and vitamin A deficiency group.The nutritional status of vitamin A was compared between the case group and the control group, and the pulmonary function, T lymphocyte subsets, related inflammatory mediators and prognosis were recorded before and after the intervention. Results The vitamin A level in the case group [(0.73±0.32) μmol/L] was significantly lower than that in the control group [(1.02±0.23) μ mol/L](t=5.957, P<0.05), and the vitamin A nutritional status of the case group was significantly worse than that of the control group(Z=4.865, P<0.05).After treatment, the levels of CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ in vitamin A deficiency group were lower than those in the other two groups, and CD8+ was higher than those in the other two groups(P<0.05).The levels of hs CRP, EOS and IL-6 in vitamin A deficiency group were significantly higher than those in the other two groups(P<0.05).The difference in clinical efficacy among the three groups was statistically significant(χ²=13.165, P<0.05), with the worst clinical efficacy in the vitamin A deficiency group(52.17%) and the highest in the normal vitamin A group(94.74%). Conclusions Vitamin A marginal deficiency or deficiency is more common in preschool children with bronchial asthma, which is not conducive to the improvement of children′s cellular immune function and inflammatory response, and has a negative impact on prognosis.Clinical monitoring of vitamin A should be strengthened, and vitamin A preparation is suggested to be supplemented appropriately to improve the prognosis of children.

Key words: vitamin A, bronchial asthma, lung function, T lymphocyte subsets, inflammatory mediators, prognosis