Abstract: Objective To grasp the changes of 7 to 18 years old Uygur children and adolescents' physical fitness in Xinjiang,and provide a scientific basis for improving the fitness level of Uygur children and adolescents. Method The physical research data of 2000 and 2010 Uygur children and adolescents in Xinjiang were used for statistical analysis for 7～18 year-old Uygur students' fitness index. Results Nearly 10 years,the rate quality of Uygur children and adolescents' physical fitness had increased,the other decreased.Compared with 2000,the urban male,rural male,urban female and rural female speed quality of Xinjiang Uygur students in 2010 increased 0.1,0.4,0.1 & 0.3 s;Endurance quality dropped 16.4,2.9,13.3 s & 2.3s;Explosive quality dropped 1.6,1.2,10.1 & 7.1 cm;In addition to urban male students flexibility quality increased 0.3cm outside flexibility quality,rural male,urban female and rural female dropped 0.5,0.4 cm & 0.7 cm,power quality dropped 11.6,7.7,13.0 b/m & 13.1 b/m;The most of all ages physical differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions Nearly 10 years,the speed quality have improved,but endurance,explosive,flexibility and power quality have decreased in 7 to 18 years old of Uygur students in Xinjiang.Hence,complicated measures including school health education and physical training should be taken to improve their physical fitness.   

Key words: Uygur nationality, children and adolescents, physical fitness, Xinjiang

摘要： 目的 掌握新疆7～18岁维吾尔族儿童青少年身体素质的变化情况,为改善维吾尔族儿童青少年身体素质水平提供科学依据。方法 利用2000年和2010年新疆学生体质调研资料,对7～18岁维吾尔族儿童青少年身体素质指标进行分析。结果 近10年间,维吾尔族儿童青少年的速度素质有所提高外,其他身体素质均下降。与2000年相比,2010年维吾尔族城男、乡男、城女、乡女生速度素质分别增长为0.1、0.4、0.1 s和0.3 s;耐力素质分别下降为16.4、2.9、13.3 s和2.3 s;爆发力素质分别下降为1.6、1.2、10.1 cm和7.5 cm;柔韧性素质除了城男增长0.3 cm外,乡男、城乡女学生分别下降0.5、0.4 cm和0.7 cm;力量素质分别下降为11.6、7.7、13.0和13.1次/min;且素质指标多数年龄段差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论 2010年新疆7～18岁维吾尔族儿童青少年速度素质有所提高,耐力、爆发力、柔韧和力量素质指标呈下降趋势。应采取健康教育和体育锻炼等综合措施,提高学生身体素质。

关键词: 维吾尔族, 儿童青少年, 身体素质, 新疆