Abstract: Objective To investigate the status of child health care personnel and facility resources, situation of child health service and management in prefecture-level maternal and child health (MCH) institutions in China, in order to provide baseline data for the comparison of development of child health care.Methods Data of a historical survey in 2013 were analyzed. In this survey, one third of prefectures and municipalities were selected by using the probability proportion size method from 13 nationally representative provinces from May to July in 2013, and the situation of child health service in prefecture-level MCH institutions in China were investigated by questionnaire survey.Results In whole 51 prefecture-level MCH institutions, there were 1.64 staff members in MCH institutions providing services for every ten thousand children on average. Each institution carried out nine items of children health service. The setting rate of the growth and development service was the highest (98.0%). Then the setting rates of nutrition consultation service, hearing service, psychological behavioral test service were 94.1%, 92.2% and 90.2%, respectively. Among all the services, the setting rate of child rehabilitation service was the lowest (62.7%). Each institution had 6 children health clinics averagely. More than 70% of institutions had growth and development clinic, psychological behavioral test clinic, eye care clinic and hearing care clinic, however, the setting rate of high-risk infants follow-up clinic, dental clinic, child rehabilitation clinic and early child development clinic were all lower than 60%. Each institution had organized four training courses for subordinate health care institutions and three training courses for health care staffs from childcare institutions in 2012.Conclusions The area differences on capacity of child health service are contractible. However, the personnel and facility resources are inadequate and the setting rate of child health clinic should be increased and more relevant service should be provided.

Key words: maternal and child health institutions, child health care, current situation, baseline survey

摘要： 目的 对我国地市级妇幼保健机构儿童保健人员及设备投入水平、服务开展状况和管理情况历史数据进行分析,为比较我国儿童保健发展变化水平提供基础数据。方法 对2013年5-7月的历史调查数据进行收集分析。采用容量比例概率抽样方法,在有全国代表性的13个省中随机抽取1/3的地市,对地市级妇幼保健机构的儿童保健服务情况进行问卷调查。结果 实际调查的51所地市级妇幼保健机构中,每万名儿童有1.64名地市级妇幼保健机构儿保人员。机构平均开展9项儿童保健服务,生长发育服务的开展比例最高(98.0%),其次是营养咨询指导(94.1%)、耳及听力保健(92.2%)和心理行为发育测验(90.2%)。儿童康复服务的开展比例最低(62.7%)。平均设置儿童保健门诊6个。70%以上的机构设置了生长发育、心理行为发育测验、眼保健、听力保健门诊,高危儿随访门诊、口腔保健、儿童康复和早期发展指导门诊设置率均低于60%。2012年平均为下级医疗卫生机构举办培训班4次,举办托幼机构卫生保健人员培训班3次。结论 我国东、中、西部地区地市级妇幼保健机构儿童保健服务能力差异逐步缩小,但儿童保健服务设备与人员投入仍不足,科室设置和相关服务的开展需进一步提高。

关键词: 妇幼保健机构, 儿童保健, 现状, 基础调查