Abstract: Objective To investigate the current needs for early childhood care and education Xuhui district,Shanghai,and to clarify the relative factors,in order to provide suggestion for the valid supply of early childhood care and education service. Methods A total of 1 869 parents for children under 3 years old were recruited in 13 streets of Xuhui district in Shanghai in June 2019 by multi-stage sampling method,and were asked to fill out the questionnaire online. Results Totally 51.4% families were willing to send their children to the childcare institutions,Among them,44.4% of parents expected their children to be enrolled at the age of 1 to 2 years old,and 45.9% expected their children to be enrolled at the age of 2 to 3 years old. Moreover,52.3% parents would like to use early childcare services in nursery classes of kindergartens,while 93.7% parents preferred the institution that provided meals during the care period. In terms of the admission fee,the maximum affordable fee for childcare services was 2 000-4 999 yuan per months for 60.9% families. The higher the maximum monthly cost a family can afford,the more likely they were to utilize childcare institutions (OR=1.47,95%CI:1.22-1.78). Mothers who have a nine-to-five job were 4.20 times more likely to use childcare institutions than those who do not work (OR=4.20,95%CI:2.92-6.06). Conclusions Increasing the community-based early childhood care and inclusive childcare will enhance the accessibility and availability of child-care services supply. Moreover,the needs of working mother should be taken into consideration.

Key words: early childhood care and education, infant and toddlers, needs, childcare institutions

摘要： 目的 了解上海市徐汇区3岁以下婴幼儿托育服务的需求现况,明确影响入托需求的主要原因,为3岁以下婴幼儿托育服务有效供给提供对策建议。方法 2019年6月采用多阶段抽样,对上海市徐汇区所有的13个街道的1 869位0~3岁儿童家长进行了线上问卷调查,采用多因素Logistic回归方法进行数据分析。结果 调查显示,51.4%的家庭有入托意愿,希望幼儿入托年龄为1~2岁和2~3岁的比例相当,分别为44.4%和45.9%。52.3%的家长会选择将幼儿送进带托班的幼儿园,93.7%的家长希望托育机构提供入托期间的餐食。入托费用方面,60.9%的家庭可负担费用在2 000~4 999元/月,家庭能承受入托费用越高的家庭,其送子女去托育机构的可能性越高(OR=1.47,95%CI:1.22~1.78)。工作状态为朝九晚五的母亲送子女去托育机构的可能性要比不工作的母亲高4倍(OR=4.20,95%CI:2.92~6.06)。结论 托育服务供给应当准确把握服务利用方的需求,增加社区型和普惠型托育机构,满足工作母亲的入托需求,有效增加托育服务供给的可及和可得性。

关键词: 托育服务, 婴幼儿, 需求, 托育机构