Meloxicam is a long-acting non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, which is mainly used in the treatment of chronic osteoarthritis and postoperative analgesia. Recent studies have found that the drug has great therapeutic potential in anti-tumor, improving cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease, mobilizing hematopoietic stem cells and so on. This paper reviewed the pharmacological mechanism of meloxicam, the adverse reactions in gastrointestinal tract, kidney, liver and cardiovascular aspects, summarized various forms of clinical application from the perspective of preparation, and summarized the current clinical treatment strategy of combining with Western medicine and Chinese medicine respectively.