Abstract: Objective To investigate the factors influencing vitamin D status in children aged 0 - 6 years and its correlation with vitamins K1 and K2, in order to provide scientific grounds for promoting the healthy development of children in this area. Methods A total of 1 447 children aged 0 - 6 years, who underwent pediatric health follow-ups at Jianyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital between January 2021 and December 2022, were selected as study subjects. Serum levels of 25-(OH)D, vitamin K1, and vitamin K2 were obtained through laboratory tests. The current status of vitamin D, influencing factors, and its correlations with vitamins K1 and K2 were analyzed. Results Vitamin D was found to be correlated with both vitamins K1 and K2 (r=0.349 - 0.656, P<0.001). Protective factors against insufficient serum 25-(OH)D levels in children aged 0 - 6 years included mothers being under 35 years at childbirth (OR=0.467, 95%CI:0.318 - 0.823), mothers having education levels of junior college or above (OR=0.321, 95%CI: 0.253 - 0.373), children having a birth weight over 2 500g (OR=0.518, 95%CI: 0.377 - 0.672), and children regularly taking VD supplementation (400U/day) (OR=0.425, 95%CI: 0.341 - 0.613,P<0.05). Conclusions Greater emphasis is needed on the regular administration of vitamin D supplements by parents, accompanied by intensified health education efforts targeting low-birth-weight infants, older mothers, and those with lower educational backgrounds. For children deficient in vitamin D, closer attention should also be paid to their serum levels of vitamins K1 and K2.

Key words: vitamin D, vitamin K, coagulation function, children

摘要： 目的 探究0～6岁儿童维生素D(VD)影响因素与维生素K1(VitK1)和K2(VitK2)的相关性,为促进0～6岁儿童健康发展提供科学依据。方法 选取2021年1月—2022年12月在简阳市妇幼保健院进行儿保随访的0～6岁儿童作为研究对象,共计1 447例,通过实验室检查获得血清25-(OH)D以及VitK1和VitK2的数值,分析其VD现状、影响因素以及其与VitK1和VitK2的相关性。结果 VD与VitK1和VitK2均具有相关性(r=0.349～0.656,P＜0.001)。母亲生育年龄＜35岁(OR=0.467,95%CI:0.318～0.823)、母亲文化程度在专科及以上(OR=0.321,95%CI:0.253～0.373)、儿童出生体重≥2 500g(OR=0.518,95%CI:0.377～0.672)以及儿童规律服用VD(400U/d)(OR=0.425,95%CI:0.341～0.613)是0～6岁儿童血清25-(OH)D不足的保护因素(P＜0.05)。结论 家长对儿童规律服用VD的重视程度还需提高,同时要加强对低出生体重儿、高龄产妇以及母亲文化程度较低人群的健康教育;对VD缺乏的儿童还需关注血清VitK1与VitK2水平。

关键词: 维生素D, 维生素K, 凝血功能, 儿童