Abstract: 【Objective】 To examine the status and the growth pattern of the ultrasonic bone mineral density and to set up normal database of the children under 15 years in China for child health care, pediatrics clinical and scientific research. 【Methods】 With the cluster sampling in Zhuhai, Kunming, Chenzhou, Suzhou, Anqing, Yangzhou, Chengdu and Shenyang city, 29 276 healthy children, among them 15 411 boys and 13 865 girls, aged from 1 month to 15 years old, divided into 12 age groups, were investigated, filled in the questionnaire, measured the weight and height conventional, assayed the bone mineral density at the middle tibia ahead side in the left curs with the ultrasonic bone analyzer of "Hongyang 1000-C model" made in China. 【Results】 The data indicated that 1)the Ultrasonic BMD value was the lowest in the groups from 1 month to just 6 months, then gradually increased with the age increase, and reached the maximum from 12 to 15 years; 2)the bone mineral density was not significant difference between boys and girls(t=0.824,P>0.05); 3)the BMD value was increased gradually with weight increase and gained quickly when weight in the 16 kg, then gained slowly when weight out the 16 kg; 4)the BMD value was increased gradually with height increase and gained slowly when height in the 75 cm, but the increase quickly when the height from 75 cm to 120 cm, then the increase slightly slower; 5)the predictor formula of the BMD chief component in the every aged groups were as follow, 1)the BMD value=2 954.69×(months-4.91)×(weight+1.52)×height for infant age; 2)the BMD value=2 901.90×(age-20.86)×(weight+5.41)×height for toddle's age; 3)3 136.91×(age-21)×(weight+4.39)×height for preschool age; 4)3 480.06×(age-1.05)×(weight+0.61)×height for school age and adolescence. 【Conclusions】 The ultrasonic BMD value and the correlation coefficient with the age, weight and height of normal children under 15 years in different age groups in the data can be referenced clinically.

Key words: ultrasound, bone, density, children

摘要： 【目的】 了解15岁以下儿童超声骨密度的现状和变化规律,为我国儿童保健、儿科临床、科研等工作提供正常人群的参考数据。 【方法】 采取整群抽样的方法,在珠海、昆明、郴州、苏州、安庆、扬州、成都和沈阳城市中,共调查从满1月到不满15岁的健康儿童29 276人,按男、女分成12个年龄组, 填写调查表格,常规测量儿童的体重、身高,统一采用“宏扬BMD-1000C型超声骨质分析仪”,在左小腿胫骨中段前方内侧面部位测量儿童的超声骨声速值。 【结果】 调查儿童中,男15 411名,女13 865名。1)超声骨密度值在1月到不满6月年龄组时最低,后随着年龄的增长骨密度逐渐增加,到12~15岁组时骨密度达到最大值;2)骨密度在性别之间无明显差异(t=0.824,P>0.05);3)骨密度值随着体重的增加逐渐增加。在16 kg以内随着体重的增加骨密度增加较快,16 kg以后,骨密度增加趋缓;4)随着身高的增加骨密度逐步增加。骨密度值的增长在75 cm之内增加稍慢,75到120 cm之间骨密度值快速增加,而后的增加则缓慢;5)各年龄组骨密度主成分预测模型:1)婴儿期的回归方程为:骨密度值=2 954.69×(月龄-4.91)×(体重+1.52)×身高;2)幼儿期的回归方程为:骨密度值=2 901.90×(年龄-20.86)×(体重+5.41)×身高;3)学龄前期的回归方程为:骨密度值=3 136.91×(年龄-7.69)×(体重+4.39)×身高;4)学龄期至青春期的回归方程为:骨密度值=3 480.06×(年龄-1.05)×(体重+0.61)×身高。 【结论】 本调查的0~15岁不同年龄组正常儿童的超声骨密度值,以及与年龄,体重和身高的相关关系可供临床参考。

关键词: 超声, 骨, 密度, 儿童