聚焦于城乡小学生社会情感能力发展的差异研究,通过实证调研呈现城乡小学生社会情感能力发展的差异并揭示造成差异的成因,为推动城乡教育均衡发展提供科学依据。研究采用分层随机抽样,选取江苏省泰州市4所城乡小学的三至六年级学生为样本,基于社会情感能力量表测量城乡小学生社会情感能力发展数据,然后采用卡方检验和单因素方差分析从个体、家庭和学校层面探讨造成城乡小学生社会情感能力发展差异的因素。结果显示,城乡小学生在社会情感能力的整体及各维度上均存在显著性差异,城市小学生的得分处于中等偏上水平且均高于乡镇小学生,在任务能力、情绪调节能力和交往能力方面差异尤其明显。个体层面的性别和年级不是造成城乡差异的因素;家庭层面,是否独生子女的家庭结构不造成城乡差异,而长期和谁共同生活以及父母文化程度是造成城乡差异的因素;学校层面,课后服务资源丰富程度与班级人数是造成城乡差异的因素。为此,应逐年分阶段推进小学生社会情感能力教育,缩小城乡差距;提升家庭陪伴质量,发挥家庭在小学生社会情感能力发展中的基础作用;优化城乡课后服务资源配置,保障教育公平而均衡发展。
Abstract
This study focuses on the differences in the development of social and emotional skills(SES) between urban and rural primary school students.Through empirical research,it reveals the disparities and their underlying causes,providing a scientific basis for promoting balanced educational development in urban and rural areas.Using stratified random sampling,the study selected third- to sixth-grade students from four urban and rural primary schools inTaizhou City,Jiangsu Province.The Social and Emotional Skills Scale was employed to measure SES development,followed by chi-square tests and one-way ANOVA toexplore influencing factors at the individual,family,and school levels.The results indicate significant differences in overall SES and its dimensions between urban and rural students,with urban students scoring moderately higher,particularly in task competence,emotional regulation,and interpersonal skills.At the individual level,gender and age were not factors contributing to urban-rural differences.At the family level, being an only child did not cause disparities,whereaslong-term cohabitation arrangements and parental education levels did.At the school level,the availability of after-school service resources and class sizeswere significant factors.Therefore,it is recommended to phase in SES education programs to narrow the urban-rural gap,improve the quality of family companionship to strengthen its foundational role in SES development,and optimize the allocation of after-school resources to ensure equitable and balanced educationalprogress.
关键词
小学生 /
社会情感能力 /
城乡差异 /
影响因素
Key words
Primary school students /
Social and Emotional Skills /
Urban-Rural Differences /
Influencing factors
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基金
*广东省教育科学规划课题高等教育专项“粤港澳大湾区背景下内外双驱式港澳青少年国情教育体系的构建和实施"(编号:2021GXJK466)。
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