关键词: 学龄前儿童, 躯体伤害恐惧, 家庭养育环境, 社会生活能力

Abstract: Objective To study the basic situation and related factors of physical injury fears in preschool children, in order to provide scientific basis for their early detection and timely intervention. Methods A total of 969 healthy children aged 3 to 6 years were selected from 3 representative kindergartens in Taiyuan city by stratified cluster sampling, including 504 males and 465 females.The research tools included self-designed children basic information questionnaire, Spence Preschool Anxiety Scale, Normal Development of Social Skill from Infant to Junior High School Children(S-M), Family Nurturing Environment Scale and Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS). Results There were 75 positive cases detected with physical injury fears (7.73%), including 33 males (6.5%) and 42 females (9.0%), with no statistically significant difference (χ²=2.091, P>0.05).Female scored higher in physical injury fears than males (t=-2.200, P=0.028).Multivariate analysis showed that non-cesarean section(OR=2.063, 95%CI:1.128—3.772, P=0.019), maternal anxiety score (OR=1.074, 95%CI:1.024—1.125, P=0.003) were the risk factors for the physical injury fear of preschool children, and the language cognition factor score(OR=0.912,95%CI:0.873—0.952, P＜0.001,)and the total score of social life ability (OR=0.961,95%CI:0.936-0.988,P=0.004)were the protective factors. Conclusions Physical injury fears is more common in preschool children and is related to maternal anxiety, family nurturing environment and children's social life ability.Therefore, early family parenting intervention can prevent children's fear of physical injury and promote their physical and mental health.

Key words: preschool children, physical injury fears, family nurturing environment, social life ability