上海市闵行区青少年儿童视力发育及屈光状态流行病学调查

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2021-0214

中国儿童保健杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (9): 1000-1003.DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2021-0214

上海市闵行区青少年儿童视力发育及屈光状态流行病学调查

许晓丽, 高路, 杨晨皓

国家儿童医学中心,复旦大学附属儿科医院眼科,上海 201102

收稿日期:2021-02-08 修回日期:2021-03-15 发布日期:2021-09-07 出版日期:2021-09-10
通讯作者: 杨晨皓,E-mail:ychben@hotmail.com
作者简介:许晓丽(1986-),女,山东人,眼科医师,研究生学历,主要研究方向为儿童屈光不正和斜弱视。
基金资助:
上海申康临床创新三年行动计划(2020-2022年);基于人工智能的儿童青少年近视防控策略研究(SHDC2020CR1043B-002)

Epidemiological study on the development of visual acuity and refraction in teenagers in Minhang district of Shanghai

XU Xiao-li, GAO Lu, YANG Chen-hao

Department of Ophthalmology,Children's Hospital of Fudan University,National Children's Medical Center,Shanghai 201102,China

Received:2021-02-08 Revised:2021-03-15 Online:2021-09-10 Published:2021-09-07
Contact: YANG Chen-hao,E-mail:ychben@hotmail.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查上海市闵行区青少年儿童的屈光状态,为制定上海市儿童眼病防治策略提供参考依据。方法采用横断面调查研究,2019年3-9月期间对上海市闵行区14所学校共15 590名青少年儿童进行了检查,包含裸眼视力(标准对数视力表)、自动电脑验光及眼部健康检查等。结果共15 527名青少年儿童完成检查,其中男生8 230人,女生7 297人。双眼裸眼视力均≤4.7者占21.62%(3 357/15 527),仅有2 205人配戴眼镜,占65.68%。女性近视、高度近视和散光的患病率(分别为44.65%、3.00%、24.80%)均高于男性(分别为39.81%、2.26%、23.17%)。随着年龄的增加,近视和高度近视的患病率逐渐增高(χ²=1 962.095、787.617,P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析发现,年龄和女性与近视的发生和发展明显相关(年龄:OR=1.339,95%CI:1.321~1.358,P<0.001;女性:OR=1.230,95%CI:1.149~1.317,P<0.001)。结论上海市闵行区学龄期青少年儿童屈光不正患病率较高。年龄、性别均与近视和高度近视的患病率存在相关性。还需要进一步的纵向研究来评估儿童个体屈光度随时间的变化情况,并且要采取必要措施防控近视的发展。

关键词: 视力, 屈光不正, 近视, 高度近视, 青少年儿童

Abstract: Objective To investigate the refractive status in teenagers in the Minhang District of Shanghai,so as to provide reference for the development of prevention and treatment strategies of children's eye diseases in Shanghai. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted. From March to September 2019,a total of 15 590 teenagers from 14 schools in Minhang district of Shanghai were selected into this study and took visual examinations,including visual acuity measurement(standard logarithmic visual acuity chart),auto refraction and ocular health examination. Results Finally 15 527 teenagers successfully completed their vision screening. There were 8 230 boys and 7 297 girls. The prevalence rate of uncorrected visual acuity ≤4.7 in both eyes was 21.62%(3 357/15 527),with the wearing glasses rate of 65.68%(2 205/3 357). The prevalence rates of myopia,high myopia and astigmatism in girls(44.65%,3.00%,24.80%) were higher than those in boys(39.81%,2.26%,23.17%). In addition,with the increase of age,the prevalence of myopia and high myopia gradually increased(χ²=1 962.095,787.617,P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that myopia was associated with age(OR=1.339,95%CI:1.321—1.358,P＜0.001) and female(OR=1.230,95%CI:1.149—1.317,P＜0.001). Conclusions Teenagers in Minhang district of Shanghai have a high prevalence of refractive error. The prevalence of myopia and high myopia is associated with age and female. However,longitudinal studies are warranted to evaluate refractive changes over time in individual children,and related measures should be carried out to prevent the development of myopia.

Key words: visual acuity, refractive errors, myopia, high myopia, teenagers

中图分类号:

R179

许晓丽, 高路, 杨晨皓. 上海市闵行区青少年儿童视力发育及屈光状态流行病学调查[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2021, 29(9): 1000-1003.

XU Xiao-li, GAO Lu, YANG Chen-hao. Epidemiological study on the development of visual acuity and refraction in teenagers in Minhang district of Shanghai[J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2021, 29(9): 1000-1003.

参考文献

[1] Naidoo KS,Leasher J,Bourne RR,et al.Global vision impairment and blindness due to uncorrected refractive error,1990-2010[J].Optom Vis Sci,2016,93(3):227-234.
[2] Dolgin E.The myopia boom[J].Nature,2015,519(7543):276-278.
[3] Morgan IG,French AN,Ashby RS,et al.The epidemics of myopia:aetiology and prevention[J].Prog Retin Eye Res,2018,62:134-149.
[4] Holden BA,Fricke TR,Wilson DA,et al.Global prevalence of myopia and high myopia and temporal trends from 2000 through 2050[J].Ophthalmology,2016,123(5):1036-1042.
[5] Li Y,Liu J,Qi P. The increasing prevalence of myopia in junior high school students in the Haidian District of Beijing,China:a 10- year population-based survey[J].BMC Ophthalmol,2017,17(1):88.
[6] Wang J,Ying GS,Fu X,et al.Prevalence of myopia and vision impairment in school students in Eastern China[J].BMC Ophthalmol,2020,20(1):2.
[7] Chua SYL,Sabanayagam C,Cheung YB,et al.Age of onset of myopia predicts risk of high myopia in later childhood in myopic Singapore children[J].Ophthalmic Physiol Opt,2016,36(4):388-394.
[8] Guo X,Fu M,Ding X,et al.Significant axial elongation with minimal change in refraction in 3- to 6-year-old Chinese preschoolers:the Shenzhen kindergarten eye study[J].Ophthalmology,2017,124(12):1826-1838.
[9] 肖俐佳,崔馨,何真,等. 5531例学龄前儿童屈光状态分析[J].中国斜视与小儿眼科杂志,2018,26(3):43-45.
[10] Li T,Zhou X,Chen X,et al.Refractive error in Chinese preschool children:the Shanghai study[J].Eye Contact Lens,2019,45(3):182-187.
[11] 诸晓枫,朱剑锋,邹海东,等.2010年上海市宝山区小学生屈光不正和视力损伤的患病率调查[J].中华实验眼科杂志,2004,32(5):451-456.
[12] 何明光,林智,黄娟,等.广州市荔湾区学龄儿童屈光不正患病率的现状调查[J].中华眼科杂志,2008,44(6):491-496.
[13] He M,Xu J,Yin Q et al.Need and challenges of refractive correction in urban Chinese school children[J].Optom Vis Sci,2005,82(4):229-234.
[14] 苏哲,肖林,刘鹏飞.小瞳孔电脑验光在儿童屈光不正筛查中的可行性探讨[J].国际眼科杂志,2015,15(7):1287-1289.
[15] 殷良,王烨菁,陈健,等.上海黄浦区2014~2016年小学生近视及屈光发育随访研究[J].中国学校卫生,2017,38(12):1825-1826,1830.
[16] Guo L,Yang J,Mai J,et al.Prevalence and associated factors of myopia among primary and middle school-aged students:a school based study in Guangzhou[J].Eye,2016,30(6):796-804.
[17] Yam JC,Tang SM,Kam KW,et al.High prevalence of myopia in children and their parents in Hong Kong Chinese population:the Hong Kong children eye study[J].Acta Ophthalmol,2020,10:1111.
[18] 李建华,张乾,张扬.云南西双版纳少数民族儿童屈光不正流行病学调查[J].中国斜视与小儿眼科杂志,2018,26(4):15-18.
[19] Ip JM,Saw SM,Rose KA,et al.Role of near work in myopia:findings in a sample of Australian school children[J].Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci,2008,49(7):2903-2910.
[20] Guo Y,Liu LJ,Xu L,et al.Outdoor activity and myopia among primary students in rural and urban region of Beijing[J].Ophthalmology,2013,120(2):277-283.
[21] Fotedar R,Rochtchina E,Morgan I,et al.Necessity of cycloplegia for assessing refractive error in 12-year-old children:a population-based study[J].Am J Ophthalmol,2007,144(2):307-309.

上海市闵行区青少年儿童视力发育及屈光状态流行病学调查

Epidemiological study on the development of visual acuity and refraction in teenagers in Minhang district of Shanghai

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

[1]	胡婷, 周劲松, 王卓慧, 武志佳, 胥江, 张桂铭, 李进. 成都市青羊区小学儿童特发性脊柱侧弯现状及其相关因素分析[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2022, 30(6): 617-621.
[2]	唐敏华, 赵根明, 姜永根, 朱虹, 李咏梅, 陈妮儿, 何玉萍, 姚春霞. 上海市松江区2 036名儿童青少年视力健康现状及其影响因素分析[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2022, 30(3): 319-324.
[3]	谢铭, 曾媛, 袁姝倩, 刘银玥, 陈艳华, 胡冀, 郑婵娟, 王非, 阳益德. 户外活动时间与学龄前文化课学习情况对中小学生视力不良的交互作用[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2021, 29(6): 605-608.
[4]	陶然, 杨招庚, 温勃, 李艳辉, 董彬, 马军. 教室灯光改造对四年级小学生的视力影响研究[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2020, 28(6): 668-671.
[5]	冯晶晶, 陈巍, 王立华, 仝欢, 邢杉杉, 浦佳宁. 学龄前视力低常儿童屈光状况分析[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2020, 28(5): 590-593.
[6]	赵晶, 赵建国, 李长富, 马萃, 方新林, 李琪, 吴夕, 王凯. 北京市海淀区8～9岁小学生近视患病影响因素分析[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2020, 28(4): 471-474.
[7]	王玲玲, 张丹丹, 宋玉珍, 吕若然. 北京市小学生视力不良空间自相关分析[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2020, 28(3): 320-323.
[8]	童梅玲. 重视高危儿视听监测和早期干预[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2020, 28(12): 1301-1304.
[9]	韩李臻，傅茂笋，谢鸿，刘熠华. 山东省6～18岁儿童青少年视力不良地域分布研究[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2019, 27(2): 146-150.
[10]	张艳青, 张茜, 刘洁, 郑虔, 孟刚. 家庭因素对初中生近视状态的影响分析[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2018, 26(8): 900-902.
[11]	梁素影, 李蕾, 曾婷, 张健清, 曾佩佩, 李红辉. 柳州市柳南区中小学生2017年健康状况分析[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2018, 26(7): 771-774.
[12]	凡特,石惠卿,王健,胡湘英,王红兵, 陈津津. 上海市城区学龄前儿童屈光发育现状及影响因素分析[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2017, 25(8): 809-811.
[13]	王婷婷,木尼热·热孜,艾克然木·艾合买提,王艳杰,刘早玲. 伊宁市中小学生近视遗传度分析[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2017, 25(8): 834-836.
[14]	张佩斌,杨翎,吴海霞,柏玲. 学龄前儿童17 129例视力筛查结果分析[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2016, 24(8): 856-858.
[15]	曹敏辉,杨夏敏,安琪,牛静. 莫廷视力筛查仪对264例婴幼儿视力屈光参数纵向监测的结果分析[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2016, 24(10): 1073-1076.