动作技能干预对智力障碍儿童青少年基本动作技能影响的系统综述

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2021-1468

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的系统分析国内外动作技能干预对智力障碍儿童青少年基本动作技能影响的方法学特点和效果。方法对CNKI、Wan Fang Data、EBSCO-SPORT、Web of Science、PubMed 5个数据库进行检索,检索日期从建库到2021年6月3日。对纳入文献的国家和地区、实验设计、样本、干预、测评和结果等信息进行提取,并使用PEDro对纳入文献进行方法学质量评价。结果共纳入11篇文献,有效干预为100%;干预内容集中于平衡、力量和协调;游戏形式的低强度干预,单次干预时间40~60 min,每周2~3次,6~8周的干预较为适宜;测评工具以BOTMP使用数量最多,测评维度多集中于平衡技能。结论动作技能干预可以有效提高智力障碍儿童青少年的基本动作技能。建议丰富干预内容,提高研究质量,加强我国样本的相关研究,并研制科学有效的智力障碍儿童青少年基本动作技能测评工具。

关键词: 基本动作技能, 智力障碍, 儿童青少年, 干预, 系统综述

Abstract: Objective To systematically analyze the methodological characteristics and effects of motor skill interventions on the fundamental motor skills for children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities (ID) from related articles in home and abroad. Methods Articles were searched from the five databases from the establishment of the database to June 3rd, 2021, including CNKI, Wan Fang Data, EBSCO-SPORT, Web of Science and PubMed. Related data including countries and regions, experimental design, samples, interventions, evaluations and results were extracted. The methodological quality of the included articles was evaluated by PEDro. Results A total of 11 articles were included, and the effective intervention was 100%. The intervention content focused on balance, strength and coordination, mainly were low-intensive games. The appropriate intervention lasted for 6 to 8 weeks, with the frequency of 2 to 3 times/ week, 40 to 60 min/time. BOTMP was the most used evaluation tool, and the evaluation dimensions mainly focused on balance skills. Conclusions Motor skills intervention can effectively improve the fundamental motor skills of children and adolescents with ID. It is recommended to enrich the content of interventions, improve the quality of research, strengthen relevant researches on Chinese samples, and develop scientific and effective tools for evaluating fundamental motor skills of children and adolescents with ID.

Key words: fundamental motor skills, intellectual disability, children and adolescents, intervention, systematic review

中图分类号:

R749.94
R493

舒瑶, 张英波. 动作技能干预对智力障碍儿童青少年基本动作技能影响的系统综述[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2022, 30(7): 770-774.

SHU Yao, ZHANG Ying-bo. Systematic review on the effect of motor skills intervention on fundamental motor skills of children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities[J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2022, 30(7): 770-774.

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