中国儿童保健杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (7): 718-723.DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2022-1163

• 科研论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

真实世界2岁以下儿童不同体型匀称度现况及风险因素

霍言言, 刘钟泠, 马玲, 吴丹, 汪秀莲, 仇晓艳, 窦家莹, 任玉倩, 李亦诚, 洪霞, 陈津津   

  1. 上海市儿童医院 上海交通大学医学院附属儿童医院儿童保健科,上海 200062
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-22 修回日期:2023-01-18 发布日期:2023-07-12 出版日期:2023-07-10
  • 通讯作者: 陈津津,E-mail: jjvoo@163.com
  • 作者简介:霍言言(1990-),女,住院医师,硕士学位,主要研究方向为儿童生长发育健康管理、儿童营养。
  • 基金资助:
    上海市2022年度科技创新行动计划技术标准项目(22DZ2203500);上海申康医院发展中心研究型医师创新转化能力培训项目医企融合创新成果转化专项(SHDC2022CRD012);上海申康医院发展中心市级医院新兴前沿技术联合攻关项目(SHDC12022114);上海交通大学“交大之星”计划医工交叉研究基金(YG2019ZDB01);上海市科委政府间国际合作项目(20410712700)

Status quo and risk factors for different body proportions of children under 2 years old in the real world

HUO Yanyan, LIU Zhongling, MA Ling, WU Dan, WANG Xiulian, QIU Xiaoyan, DOU Jiaying, REN Yuqian, LI Yicheng, HONG Xia, CHEN Jinjin   

  1. Department of Child Health Care, Shanghai Children′s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
  • Received:2022-09-22 Revised:2023-01-18 Online:2023-07-10 Published:2023-07-12
  • Contact: CHEN Jinjin, E-mail: jjvoo@163.com

摘要: 目的 了解2岁以下儿童不同体型匀称度的流行现状及其风险因素,为制定早期干预措施提供依据。方法 数据来源于2020—2022年上海市儿童医院儿童保健科生长发育评估与随访系统,共计纳入8 474名2岁以下儿童,测量体格生长发育指标,并回顾性收集儿童出生及父母情况等构建数值表,采用SPSS 26.0软件分析不同体型匀称度的流行情况和风险因素,组间比较采用χ2检验,回归采用多因素Logistic回归分析。结果 研究纳入2岁以下常规健康体检男童3 813例,女童4 661例,其中消瘦、超重、肥胖总检出率分别为1.5%,19.0%,7.8%,男童超重、肥胖的检出率均高于女童(χ2分别为17.597、12.653,P<0.01)。出生体质量>4 000g、大于胎龄儿、头围偏大儿童发生超重和肥胖的风险均增加,出生体质量<2 500g儿童发生肥胖的风险高于正常组,头围偏小、小于胎龄儿人群的消瘦风险较高(P<0.05)。父母超重或肥胖的儿童发生超重肥胖风险高于正常人群(P<0.05),剖宫产为儿童期肥胖的风险因素(RR=1.33,95%CI:1.15~1.53,P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,男童、头围、相对于胎龄的出生体质量、父母BMI是儿童超重、肥胖的有效预警指标(P<0.01)。结论 2岁以内儿童超重、肥胖检出率较高, 消瘦现象仍然存在,儿童体格良性发展需多方共同努力,实现早期预防和干预。

关键词: 儿童, 消瘦, 超重, 肥胖

Abstract: Objective To identify the prevalence and the risk factors of different body proportions in children under 2 years of age, so as to provide theoretical basis for making related prevention and control measures. Methods Cross-sectional data of 8 474 children under 2 years old (0~<2 years) from May 2020 to May 2022 were retrieved through the Children′s Growth and Development Assessment and Follow-up System of the Department of Child Health Care, Shanghai Children′s Hospital for a retrospective study according to real-world research methods. Physical data were measured by medical professionals, and the children′s birth and parents′ conditions were collected retrospectively. A numerical table was constructed and the SPSS 26.0 software was used to analyze the prevalence and risk factors of different body proportions. χ2 test was used for comparison between groups and multi-factor Logistic regression analysis was used for regression. Results The study included 3 813 boys and 4 661 girls under 2 years of age in routine health check-ups, of whom the overall detection rates for emaciation, overweight and obesity were 1.5%, 19.0% and 7.8% respectively. The detection rates of overweight and obesity in boys were higher than those in girls(χ2=17.597, 12.653, P<0.01). The risk of overweight and obesity was increased in children with birth weight > 4 000g, larger for gestational age and larger head circumference, and the risk of obesity was higher in children with birth weight <2 500g than that in the normal group(P<0.01). Children with smaller head circumference and small for gestational age were more likely to emaciation(P<0.05).Children with overweight or obese parents were at a higher risk of developing overweight and obesity than the normal population, and caesarean section was also a risk factor for obesity in childhood(RR=1.33, 95%CI:1.15-1.53, P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that boys, head circumference, birth weight in relation to gestational age and parental BMI were valid early warning indicators of overweight and obesity in children (P<0.01). Conclusion With a high detection rate of overweight and obesity in children under 2 years of age and the persistence of emaciation, early prevention and intervention are needed for the healthy development of children′s physical fitness.

Key words: children, emaciation, overweight, obesity

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