中国儿童保健杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (9): 1038-1044.DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2023-0164

• 健康教育 • 上一篇    

沪浙两地中学生性健康教育需求现况调查

曹莉, 王彦欢, 王莹莹, 赵琦, 徐飚, 付朝伟   

  1. 复旦大学公共卫生学院,国家卫生健康委员会卫生技术评估重点实验室(复旦大学),公共卫生安全教育部重点实验室,上海 200032
  • 收稿日期:2023-02-27 修回日期:2023-04-20 发布日期:2023-08-31 出版日期:2023-09-10
  • 通讯作者: 付朝伟,E-mail:fcw@fudan.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:曹莉(1998-),女,四川人,硕士学位,主要研究方向为社会流行病学。
  • 基金资助:
    上海市加强公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划(2020—2022年)

Investigation on demand for sexual health education among middle school students in Shanghai and Zhejiang

CAO Li, WANG Yanhuan, WANG Yingying, ZHAO Qi, XU Biao, FU Chaowei   

  1. School of Public Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
  • Received:2023-02-27 Revised:2023-04-20 Online:2023-09-10 Published:2023-08-31
  • Contact: FU Chaowei, E-mail: fcw@fudan.edu.cn

摘要: 目的 了解沪浙两地中学生性健康教育需求及影响因素,探讨适宜的教育策略。方法 采用自行设计的调查问卷,于2021年10月在上海市和浙江省台州市选取普通初、高中学校各3所,采用分层随机整群抽样方法,抽取初二至高三共2 042名学生开展自填式匿名调查。采用独立样本t检验、χ2检验和Wilcoxon检验进行单因素分析,采用二元Logistic回归进行多因素分析。结果 共回收1 733份有效问卷,其中69.4%的学生曾接受过性健康教育,男生接受过性健康教育的比例低于女生(χ2 =24.897),台州就读学生接受过性健康教育的比例低于上海就读学生(χ2=7.949),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);51.7%的学生很满意既往接受的教育,女生表示满意的比例低于男生(χ2=7.910),高中生表示满意的比例低于初中生(χ2=13.615),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);67.8%的学生认为自己容易获取性健康知识,上海就读学生认为容易获取知识的比例高于台州就读学生,差异有统计学意义(Z=2.700,P=0.007);63.9%的学生希望学习更多性健康知识,台州就读学生希望学习更多知识的比例高于上海就读学生(χ2=36.044,P<0.001),差异有统计学意义。性心理(52.8%)、性卫生保健(48.1%)和性道德法律(46.7%)是需求程度最高的前三类知识,学校(60.2%)和教师(51.0%)是学生最青睐的性健康教育开展场所和提供者。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,男生(OR = 0.54,95%CI: 0.39~0.75)、台州就读(OR=0.64,95%CI: 0.46~0.87)、与父母一方关系不和(OR=0.64,95%CI: 0.45~0.92)、家庭经济低于平均水平(OR=0.42,95%CI: 0.25~0.69)的学生,既往获取过性健康教育的比例更低(P<0.05);台州就读(OR=1.64,95%CI: 1.10~2.48)和已有月经/遗精(OR=2.03,95%CI: 1.24~3.33)的学生对性健康教育的获取意愿更高(P<0.05),而父母关系不和睦(OR=0.49,95%CI: 0.26~0.96)的学生对性健康教育的获取意愿更低(P<0.05)。结论 中学生对性健康教育存在较大需求,该需求与学生的性别、就读地区、月经/遗精状态、家庭关系及经济水平显著相关,应着重发挥学校和教师在中学生性健康促进中的作用。

关键词: 中学生, 性健康教育, 需求, 健康促进

Abstract: Objective To investiagte the demand and influencing factors of sexual health education, and to explore appropriate education strategies among middle school students in Shanghai and Zhejiang. Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to conduct a self-administered anonymous survey in selected six middle schools of Shanghai and Zhejiang Province, China in October 2021. Totally 2 042 students were cluster-sampled. Univariate analysis was performed using t test, χ2 test and Wilcoxon test, and multivariate analysis was performed using Logistic regression analysis. Results Among 1 733 valid subjects, 69.4% had received sexual health education before, and it was significantly lower among boys (χ2 =24.897) and students in Taizhou (χ2 =7.949) compared with girls and students in Shanghai (P<0.05). More than half (51.7%) were very satisfied with their received education, and it was significantly lower among girls (χ2=7.910) and senior high school students (χ2=13.615) compared with boys and junior high school students (P<0.05). Near 67.8% of the students believed that they had easy access to sexual health knowledge, and the proportion was significantly higher among students in Shanghai(Z=2.700,P=0.007).Nearly 63.9% were willing to learn more about sexual health, and Taizhou students had a larger demand than Shanghai students (χ2=36.044, P<0.001). Sexual psychology (52.8%), sexual health care (48.1%) and sexual moral law (46.7%) ranked top 3 in what students wanted. Schools (60.2%) and teachers (51.0%) were the most welcome facility and provider of sexual health, respectively. Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that students who were boys (OR=0.54, 95%CI: 0.39 - 0.75), studied in Taizhou (OR=0.64, 95%CI: 0.46 - 0.87), had good relationship with only mother/father (OR=0.64, 95%CI: 0.45 - 0.92), and students with below-average household finances (OR=0.42, 95%CI:0.25 - 0.69) were less likely to have received sexual health education before. Demands of sexual health education were statistically higher among those studied in Taizhou (OR=1.64, 95%CI: 1.10 - 2.48) and already had spermatogenesis or menstruation (OR=2.03, 95%CI:1.24 - 3.33), while it was statistically lower among those whose parents were in poor relationship (OR=0.49, 95%CI:0.26 - 0.96). Conclusions There are great demands for sexual health education among middle school students, and it is significantly related to gender, region of schooling, spermatogenesis/menstruation status, family relationships and economic level. The role of schools and teachers should be enhanced to promote their sexual health in China.

Key words: middle school students, sexual health education, demand, health promotion

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