关键词: 长处与困难问卷, 中学生, 心理问题, 亲子关系

Abstract: Objective To explore the mental health of middle school students in Shanghai and family-related factors,so as to provide guidance for mental health interventions. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to survey 4 536 students from 125 classes in 34 middle schools from 7 districts in Shanghai in December 2011. Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire(SDQ)-student edition and self-designed children and adolescents family environment questionnaire were adopted to collect data on mental health of middle school students. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between family factors and mental health status. Results A total of 4 536 questionnaires were issued,of which 3 615 were valid questionnaires,with an effective rate of 79.7%. The overall rate of abnormal psychological problems of middle school students was 9.1%,and the bordline rate was 11.0%. The total SDQ scores of students who often had mother-child conflicts and father-child conflicts were significantly higher than those of children with harmonious and general parent-child relationship(P<0.05). Logistic analysis showed that father-mother relationship(OR=1.351,95%CI:1.015-1.799,P=0.039),frequent mother-child conflict(OR=1.584,95%CI:1.133—2.216,P=0.007)and father-child conflict(OR=1.461, 95%CI:1.030—2.073,P=0.034) in family factors were important factors affecting the mental health of middle school students. Conclusions The prevalence of mental health problems among middle school students in Shanghai is consistent with the international level. Frequent parent-child conflict and mother-child conflict are the important factors affecting middle school students′ mental health,suggesting that improving parent-child conflict is crucial for maintaining students′ mental health.

Key words: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, middle school students, mental health, parent-child relationship