关键词: 0~14岁儿童, 哮喘, 流行病学调查

Abstract: Objective To understand asthma prevalence in 0~14 years old children in Baoji city. Method The cluster sampling method was used to select randomly 0~14 years old Baoji children for investigation. Results Morbidity of asthma was 4.82% in 0~14 year-old children in Baoji,the morbidity of boys' and girls' were 5.68% and 3.82% respectivily,the difference of morbidity between different gender was statistically significant (χ²=19.965,P<0.001).In terms of patients who had asthma attack in near 2 years,predisposing factors were mainly respiratory infections(98.96%) and changes in the weather (87.08%),the seasons of asthma onset were autumn (42.71%) and winter (21.55%)primarily.An major hour of asthma onset were midnight (43.13%) and mane primo (29.38%).The age of the first asthma onset was under 3 years old accounted for 71.04%;rate of using antibiotic was 85.21%.Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis presented that in the case of no cold or flu,children had sneezing,runny nose,nasal congestion,nasal itching or eye itching phenomenon were independent risk factors for asthma(P<0.05),and repeated skin itching or joint flexor side rash,allergic rhinitis,allergic symptoms or similar allergies after eating some foods,caesarean,plus protein food within six months,history of using antibiotics,room wall using paint,doors and windows were made from plastic steel,coolingwith natural ventilation in summer,silkworm sand pillow were independent risk factors for asthma (P<0.05);Heater using in winter heating,ventilation or cooling using fans in summer and down duvets were protective factors of asthma (P<0.05). Conclusion Compared to 2000,the morbidity of asthma in 0~14 years of children in Baoji markedly rise,there are many risk factors of childhood asthma,and it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of children asthma.

Key words: children aged 1~14, asthma, epidemiological investigation