关键词: 学龄前儿童, 气质, 行为问题, 家庭环境

Abstract: Objective To explore general characteristic of behavioral problems among preschool children in Shunyi district,and to understand the effect of family environment factors and temperaments on childhood behavior problems . Method Totally 1 301 preschool children were selected from 4 kindergartens through a clustered-random sampling in Shunyi district from April to June 2017.Child Behavior Checklist(CBCL),Family Environment Scale-Chinese Version(FES-CV) and 3 to 7-year-old children temperament questionnaires(BSQ)were filled out by parents. Results The prevalence rate of behavioral problems in preschool children was 14.8% (192/1 301).Boys had higher score than girls on aggressive and disciplinary problems.The contradictory dimensions of preschool children were positively correlated with somatic factor(r=0.130,P<0.05).Attacking factor was negatively correlated with rhythm,avoidance and attentional dispersion in boys(r=-0.133,-0.119,-0.115,all P<0.05).And there were negative correlation between depression factor and activity level and insistence in girls(r=-0.125,-0.151). Conclusions The occurrence of behavioral problems in preschool children is related to family environment and temperament dimensions.So the development of comprehensive prevention measures should take into account the influence of family environment and temperament factors.

Key words: preschool children, temperament, behavioral problems, family environment