关键词: 注意缺陷多动障碍, 营养素, 体脂代谢, 脑功能

Abstract: Objective To assess nutrient level and body fat metabolism of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and to analyze the correlation between nutrient metabolism and cerebral cortex function, thus to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of ADHD. Methods Children diagnosed with ADHD in theDepartment ofChild Health Care in Shanghai Children's Hospital were enrolled in this study from January to December 2020. Children who had regular physical examinations during the same period were recruited. Demographic data were collected from parents, then clinicians conducted interviews and assessments with children using body composition analyzers and brain function quantitative imaging devices to test body fat metabolism and brain function indicators. Venous blood tests were performed on all participants to obtain vitamins, trace elements, 25-hydroxyl vitamin D [25(OH)D] and other nutrients levels. Results Totally 60 effective samples were selected after screening, including 30 children in ADHD group and 30 children in control group. Vitamin B12 levelsof children in ADHD group and control group were (375.45±69.25) pm/ml and (421.68±103.72) pm/ml, respectively,and the difference was significant(t=2.031,P<0.05).Compared with children in control group, the body mass index (BMI) and body fat rate of ADHD children increased significantly (t=2.026, 2.106, P<0.05). The impairment of cerebral cortex function of ADHD was most prominent in the dorsolateral right prefrontal lobe. The levels of 25(OH)D and vitamin E were related to the degree of cerebral cortex activation (r=0.695, -0.571, P<0.05). Conclusions ADHD children have a higher risk of obesity. 25(OH)D is positively correlated with the degree of cerebral cortex activation,which may provide reference for auxiliary treatment of ADHD.

Key words: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, nutrients, body fat metabolism, brain function