关键词: 营养不良, 超重肥胖, 贫血

Abstract: Objective To identify the dynamic changes in nutritional status of infants and young children's in poor rural areas of Anhui Province, and to provide data support for Children's Nutrition Improvement Program. Methods From 2015 to 2020, infants and young children aged 6 - 23 months and their caregivers were selected from counties with Children's Nutrition Improvement Program in poor areas of Anhui Province, using the combination of PPS sampling and random equidistant sampling. Body length and body weight measurement and hemoglobin test were conducted for all children, and their caregivers were surveyed by questionnaires. Results A total of 12 418 infants aged 6 to 23 months and their caregivers were included between 2015 and 2020. There were significant differences in body length, body weight and hemoglobin values between different years (P<0.05), which increased from 77.83 cm, 10.17 kg and 115.23 g/ L in 2015 to 78.24 cm, 10.26 kg and 118.47 g/L in 2020, with an increase of 0.41 cm, 0.09 kg and 3.24 g/L respectively. The growth of body length and hemoglobin value was statistically significant (P<0.05). From 2015 to 2020, the rates of protein-energy malnutrition, overweight obesity and anemia among infants showed a downward trend (P_trend< 0.05). Down from 4.36%, 23.53% and 29.81% in 2015 to 3.01%, 21.05% and 17.21% in 2020, with a decrease of 30.96%, 10.54% and 42.27% respectively. The decrease of above nutritional diseases showed significant differences in gender and age. Conclusions The nutritional status of infants and young children in poor areas of Anhui Province has been significantly improved after the implementation of the Children's Nutrition Improvement Program. However, the problem of overweight and obesity should be paid attention to.

Key words: malnutrition, overweight and obesity, anemia