关键词: 早产儿, 足月儿, 神经运动发育

Abstract: Objective To compare the difference in Infant Neurological Motor Assessment 20 Items(INMA20) results between preterm and full-term infants, so as to provide new clues for early detection and early intervention of children with neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Methods Infants born from January 1st to December 31st 2020 and followed up continuously in the Department of Child Health Care, West China Second University were enrolled in this study, and were divided into preterm group and full-term group according to gestational age. The difference in INMA20 results between the two groups was analyzed. Results A total of 349 premature infants and 713 full-term infants were enrolled. Failure rate of visual and auditory response dimension in preterm infants(13.5%) was higher than that in full-term infants(8.4%)(χ²=6.683,P=0.010), and failure rate of muscle tension dimension in full-term infants(50.9%) was higher than that in preterm infants(44.0%)(χ²=4.517, P=0.034), but no differences were found in reflex, posture and final results(P＞0.05). Besides, the results of each item showed that the failure rates of face tracking, adductors angle and dorsalis pedis flexion angle in preterm infants were significantly higher than those in full-term infants(χ²=7.307,3.932,P＜0.05), while the failure rates of continuous fist holding, pull sitting posture and head upright and scarf sign in full-term infants were significantly higher than those in preterm infants(χ²=5.936,11.058,6.669, P＜0.05). Conclusions Preterm infants have weaker audiovisual integration and lower limb muscles, while full-term infants have higher upper limb muscles and weaker head and neck muscles. It is suggested strengthening audiovisual integration training in routine child healthcare so as to promote audiovisual catch-up development in preterm infants, and taking motor interventions in order to promote gross motor development. Meanwhile, early motor development assessments should be conducted to identify infants with developmental abnormalities as early as possible.

Key words: preterm infant, full-term infant, neuro-motor development