关键词: 早产儿, 多胞胎, 单胞胎, 神经发育

Abstract: Objective To analyze the neurobehavioral development of preterm multiple births and singleton births, so as to provide reference for post discharge management and early intervention of preterm infants. Methods A total of 535 preterm infants who were followed up in the Department of Child Healthcare of Wenzhou People's Hospital from January 2017 to December 2021 were selected as the study subjects, and were divided into multiple births and singleton births groups according to the number of pregnant fetuses. Infants were assessed regularly by Gesell Developmental Scale and their general data were recorded. Neuropsychological development of infants in the two groups was compared and the influencing factors were analyzed. Results 1) At 12 months of corrected age, there were statistically significant differences in developmental quotient(DQ) values of adaptability between preterm multiple births and singleton births (t＝2.773, P<0.05). 2) For preterm multiples, there were statistically significant differences in DQ values of adaptability, gross motor movement and language between 6 months of corrected age and 12 months of corrected age (t＝-2.038, -4.833, 5.198, P<0.05). 3) For preterm singletons, there were statistically significant differences in DQ values of adaptability, gross motor movement, fine motor and language between 6 months of corrected age and 12 months of corrected age (t＝-6.547, -6.251, -4.441, 4.738, P<0.05). 4) After controlling for confounding factors, Logistic regression analysis showed that multiple birth was a risk factor for abnormal development of adaptability (OR=5.066,P=0.010), low birth weight was a risk factor for abnormal development of gross motor movement (OR=15.186,P=0.003), low gestational age was a risk factor for abnormal development of fine movement (OR=2.225,P=0.005), low gestational age(OR=2.675,P<0.001) and male (OR=3.844,P=0.026) were risk factors for abnormal development of social interaction. Conclusions Preterm multiple births and singleton births are prone to developmental delays in language and social interaction, and preterm multiple births are also at risk for adaptive developmental disorders. Therefore, follow-up monitoring should be strengthened and scientific intervention guidance should be given based on the factors affecting the development of premature infants.

Key words: preterm infants, multiple births, singleton birth, neurobehavioral development