青少年自伤现象的研究进展

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2021-1398

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 自我伤害(自伤)是指个体不论意图如何,蓄意以不同方式伤害自己身体组织的行为,多开始于12岁左右并在青春期及成年早期达到高峰,后逐渐减少。以社区青少年为研究对象的各国相关研究表明青少年自伤率约在10%左右,且各国之间存在一定差异。青少年自伤的危险因素有很多,包括神经生物学、基因、环境及心理等多个方面。经典的理论模型为素质-应激模型。随着DSM-5将非自杀性自伤障碍 (NSSID)列入需要进一步研究的疾病,NSSID的临床诊断标准及有效的治疗方法仍需进一步研究。

关键词: 非自杀性自伤, 自伤, 青少年, 危险因素

Abstract: Self-harm refers to an intentional act of self-poisoning or self-injury, irrespective of motivation. It becomes more common after age 12, usually reaches its peak in late adolescence and young adulthood, and resolves spontaneously afterwards. The rate of self-harm in adolescents varies between countries, approximately around 10% in self-report school-based surveys. Diathesis-stress model is used to explain the theoretical foundation of the risk factors to self-harm. Important risk factors include socio-demographic factors, environmental factors and psychological factors. With non-suicidal self-injury disorder (NSSID) being a condition for further study in DSM-5, further studies pertaining to its clinical practice are needed.

Key words: non-suicidal self-injury, self-harm, adolescents, risk factors

中图分类号:

R749

刘丹, 肖泽萍. 青少年自伤现象的研究进展[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2023, 31(3): 294-298.

LIU Dan, XIAO Zeping. Research progress in self-harm in adolescents[J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2023, 31(3): 294-298.

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