贫困地区青少年网络成瘾现状调查及相关因素分析

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2022-1464

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨贫困地区青少年网络成瘾(简称网瘾)现状及影响因素,为制定针对该特定人群网瘾的干预策略提供流行病学依据。方法 2022年4月20日—5月10日,采用横断面调查方式对毕节市威宁县9~18岁青少年在校学生进行一般人口学资料及网络成瘾相关调查,应用流调中心抑郁量表(CES-D)、广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)评估抑郁、焦虑,分析相关影响因素。结果共有23 180名中小学生完成调查,2 394(10.3%)名青少年有网瘾,男性(OR=1.243,95%CI:1.139~1.355)、中学(OR=1.911,95%CI:1.731~2.110)、留守(OR=1.380,95%CI:1.249~1.525)、就读重点学校(OR=1.375,95%CI:1.225~1.544)及就读重点班(OR=1.184,95%CI:1.048~1.338)是青少年在读学生出现网瘾的独立危险因素,而学习成绩良好(OR=0.635,95%CI:0.564~0.715)及良好的社会关系(家庭关系OR=0.620、同学关系OR=0.701)是青少年在读学生出现网瘾的独立保护因素(P＜0.05)。共有8 261(35.6%)名青少年合并抑郁症状,1 988(8.6%)名青少年合并焦虑症状,网瘾青少年更易出现抑郁症状(OR=14.891, 95%CI:13.203~16.796, P＜0.001)及焦虑症状(OR=15.412, 95%CI:13.895~17.095, P＜0.001)。结论网瘾在贫困地区青少年中较普遍,并且网瘾的出现与青少年的年龄、性别、年级、学校班级类型、是否留守、学习成绩及社会关系状态显著相关,迫切需要对存在网瘾问题的青少年进行及时筛查和适当干预。

关键词: 网瘾, 抑郁症状, 焦虑症状, 贫困地区, 青少年

Abstract: Objective To analyze the current situation and influencing factors of internet addiction in adolescents in poor areas, in order to provide reference for intervention of Internet addiction. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate the general demographic data and Internet addiction among school students aged 9 - 18 from 20th April to 10th May 2022. Depression and anxiety of the students were assessed by the Central Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Generalized Anxiety Scale (GAD-7), and the related influencing factors were analyzed. Results A total of 23 180 primary and secondary school students completed the survey, and 2 394 (10.3%) had internet addiction. The risk factors of Internet addition included male (OR=1.243, 95%CI:1.139 - 1.355), secondary school students (OR=1.911, 95%CI:1.731 - 2.110), left-behind students (OR=1.380, 95%CI:1.249 - 1.525), attending in priority school (OR=1.375, 95%CI:1.225 - 1.544) and priority class (OR=1.184, 95%CI:1.048 - 1.338), while good academic performance(OR=0.635, 95%CI:0.564 - 0.715) and good social relationships (family OR=0.620, classmates OR=0.701) were independent protective factors for Internet addiction among adolescent school students(P＜0.05). A total of 8 261 (35.6%) adolescents were comorbid with depressive symptoms, and 1 988 (8.6%) adolescents were complicated with anxiety symptoms. Adolescents with Internet addiction were more prone to develop depressive symptoms (OR=14.891, 95%CI:13.203 - 16.796, P＜0.001) and anxiety symptoms (OR=15.412, 95%CI:13.895 - 17.095, P＜0.001). Conclusions Internet addiction is prevalent among adolescents in poor areas, and is significantly related to adolescents' age, gender, grade, school and class type, left-behind status, academic achievement and social relationship. It is urgent to timely screen and intervene adolescents with internet addiction problems.

Key words: Internet addiction, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, poor areas, adolescent

中图分类号:

R749.99

胡婷婷, 朱晓瑞, 张庆娥, 陈旭, 周娇娇, 董思鑫, 冀杨. 贫困地区青少年网络成瘾现状调查及相关因素分析[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2023, 31(6): 612-616.

HU Tingting, ZHU Xiaorui, ZHANG Qing'e, CHEN Xu, ZHOU Jiaojiao, DONG Sixin, JI Yang. Status quo and related factors of Internet addiction among adolescents in poor areas[J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2023, 31(6): 612-616.

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