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中国临床药理学与治疗学 ›› 2014, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (8): 890-897.

• 定量药理学 • 上一篇    下一篇

硬膜外麻醉与腰-硬联合麻醉用于老年股骨头置换术的系统评价

罗雪梅1, 严思敏2, 葛卫红1   

  1. 1 南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院药学部, 南京 210008,江苏;
    2 中国药科大学生理教研室, 南京 210009,江苏
  • 收稿日期:2013-03-11 修回日期:2013-08-07 出版日期:2014-08-26 发布日期:2014-08-26
  • 通讯作者: 葛卫红, 女,主任药师,研究方向:临床药学。 E-mail: 6221230@sina.com
  • 作者简介:罗雪梅,女,硕士,药师,研究方向:临床药学。 Tel: 13915958238 E-mail: yixuejiai@sina.com

Epidural anesthesia compared with combined spinal epidural anesthesia for femoral head replacement in the elderly: a systematic review

LUO Xue-mei1, YAN Si-min2, GE Wei-hong1   

  1. 1 Department of Medication, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu,China;
    2 Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu,China
  • Received:2013-03-11 Revised:2013-08-07 Online:2014-08-26 Published:2014-08-26

摘要: 目的 系统评价硬膜外麻醉(EA)与腰-硬联合麻醉(CSEA)在高龄患者股骨头置换术中应用的临床效果。方法 计算机检索 PubMed、EMbase、CNKI、万方数据库,纳入EA与CSEA在高龄患者股骨头置换术中应用的所有对照试验,检索时限均从建库截至2013年7月。对符合条件的研究,由2名评价者按纳入和排除标准独立选择文献、提取资料和评价质量后,采用RevMan 5.2 软件进行Meta分析。结果 纳入18个随机对照试验,共计 1 653 例病人。 Meta分析显示:与使用EA相比,在股骨头置换术中使用CSEA能明显缩短麻醉阻滞起效时间,阻滞持续时间及术后感觉恢复时间[WMD=6.54, 95%Cl(5.77, 7.31), P<0.001; WMD=10.37, 95%Cl(8.79, 11.94), P<0.001; WMD=14.04, 95%Cl(3.17, 24.90), P=0.01],并延长术中麻醉持续时间[WMD=-109.54, 95%Cl(-113.36, -105.72), P<0.001],减少需追加麻药人数[RR=4.85, 95%Cl(2.93, 8.04), P<0.001];同时CSEA能明显减少术中低血压,心动过缓,寒战及一过性血氧饱和度(SpO2)过低等不良反应的发生[RR=2.63, 95%CI(1.86,3.71), P<0.001; RR=2.76, 95%CI(1.30, 5.87), P=0.008; RR=5.70, 95%CI(2.34, 13.87), P=0.0001; RR=5.75, 95%CI(2.02, 16.33), P=0.001]。结论 目前证据表明,CSEA的麻醉效果及术后反应均优于EA,适合股骨头置换术的麻醉。

关键词: 老年人, 股骨头置换术, 硬膜外麻醉, 腰-硬联合麻醉, 系统评价

Abstract: AIM: To systematically evaluate the effects of epidural anesthesia (EA) and combined spinal epidural anesthesia (CSEA) in femoral head replacement in elderly persons using meta-analysis. METHODS: Literature was retrieved in electronic databases covering PubMed, EMbase, CNKI and WanFang Data from established dates to July, 2013. Two reviewers independently screened studies according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data and evaluated the methodological quality of the included studies. Then meta-analysis was performed using the software RevMan 5.2.RESULTS: Eighteen published randomized controlled trials involving a total of 1653 patients were suitable for inclusion in the review. The results of meta-analysis revealed that, the onset, duration time of motor-block time, and the sensory regressive time of CSEA were significantly shorter in femoral head replacement than that of EA. As the duration of anesthesia of CSEA was longer than that of EA, the number of patients needed extra anesthesia of CSEA was less. Moreover, the incidence rate of hypotension, bradycardia, shivering and an episode of oxygen desaturation in femoral head replacement with CSEA was lower than that with EA. CONCLUSION: The current evidence shows that, compared with EA, CSEA in elderly is superior in anesthetic efficacy, and is good at femoral head replacement.

Key words: elderly, femoral head replacement, epidural anesthesia, combined spinal epidural anesthesia, systematic review

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