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中国临床药理学与治疗学 ›› 2022, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (12): 1354-1364.doi: 10.12092/j.issn.1009-2501.2022.12.005

• 麻醉药与脑功能障碍专刊 • 上一篇    下一篇

麻醉药对发育期神经系统的毒性作用及机制研究进展

姚依婷,刘寒玉,吴仔峰,王娣,杨春,黄朝理   

  1. 南京医科大学第一附属医院麻醉与围术期医学科,南京 210029,江苏
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-01 修回日期:2022-12-21 出版日期:2022-12-26 发布日期:2023-01-13
  • 通讯作者: 杨春,男,博士,教授,博导,研究方向:氯胺酮的抗抑郁机制。 黄朝理,男,博士,助理研究员,研究方向:全麻机制。
  • 作者简介:姚依婷,女,硕士在读,研究方向:麻醉药物的中枢神经机制。 E-mail: yaoyiting99@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(82101270,81974171,81703482);江苏省双创团队领军人才(JSSCTD202144);江苏省特聘医学专家(苏卫人【2020】64号);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20210975)

Research progresses in toxic effects and mechanism of anesthetics on the developing nervous system

YAO Yiting, LIU Hanyu, WU Zifeng, WANG Di, YANG Chun, HUANG Chaoli   

  1. Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China 
  • Received:2022-09-01 Revised:2022-12-21 Online:2022-12-26 Published:2023-01-13

摘要: 麻醉在外科手术中不可或缺,但越来越多的研究证实其对发育期神经系统存在一定的毒性作用,且日益受到社会各界重视。本文就麻醉药物对发育期神经系统毒性作用的临床前研究及临床研究进行了简单的介绍,并从分子机制(钙稳态失衡、tau蛋白磷酸化、m6a基因修饰)、亚细胞结构(突触可塑性受损、线粒体功能障碍)、神经细胞凋亡、脑整体功能等几个方面对其机制进行阐述,为临床指导麻醉药物的使用提供依据,以提高婴幼儿麻醉的安全性。

关键词: 麻醉药, 发育期, 神经系统, 毒性, 进展

Abstract:

Anesthesia is indispensable for surgery, but a growing number of studies have confirmed its toxic effects on the developing nervous system, and has attract increasing attentions from the scientific community. In this review, we briefly introduce the preclinical and clinical studies on the neurotoxic effects of anesthetic drugs on the developing brain, and summary the mechanisms from the aspects of molecular mechanisms (Ca2+ homeostasis, tau phosphorylation and m6A modification), subcellular structure (synaptic plasticity and mitochondrial dysfunction), neuroapoptosis and brain function, so as to provide a basis for guiding the use of anesthetics in clinical practice and improve the safety of infant anesthesia.

Key words: anesthetics, developing period, nervous system, toxicity, progresses

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