西安市新城区学龄前儿童饮食行为特征及影响因素分析

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2019-0606

中国儿童保健杂志 ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (11): 1188-1191.DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2019-0606

西安市新城区学龄前儿童饮食行为特征及影响因素分析

谭姣¹, 郑兴荣², 马永红¹, 石明娟¹, 雷静¹, 宋振中¹

1 西安医学院公共卫生系,陕西西安 710021;
2 西安市妇幼保健院,陕西西安 710002

收稿日期:2019-05-05 发布日期:2019-11-10 出版日期:2019-11-10
通讯作者: 郑兴荣,E-mail:276996556@qq.com
作者简介:谭姣(1985-),女,陕西人,讲师,硕士学位,主要从事儿童保健及卫生统计等方面的教学和科研工作。
基金资助:
陕西省社会发展科技攻关项目(2016SF-245)

Analysis of the current status and influencing factors for eating behavior characteristicsof preschool children in Xincheng district of Xi′an community

TAN Jiao¹, ZHENG Xing-rong², MA Yong-hong¹, SHI Ming-juan¹, LEI Jing¹, SONG Zhen-zhong¹

1 Department of Public Health,Xi′an Medical University,Xi′an,Shaanxi 710021,China;
2 Xi′an Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Xi′an,Shaanxi 710002,China

Received:2019-05-05 Online:2019-11-10 Published:2019-11-10
Contact: ZHENG Xing-rong,E-mail:276996556@qq.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查西安市新城区社区学龄前儿童常见不健康饮食行为特征,并系统分析影响儿童饮食行为的因素,为规范学龄前儿童良好的进食行为、促进学龄前儿童合理膳食提供依据。方法 2017年8-12月选取西安市新城区6个社区卫生服务中心306名学龄前儿童作为研究对象,采用“学龄前儿童饮食行为量表”进行,并利用多元线性回归分析儿童饮食行为影响的因素。结果西安市社区学龄前儿童最常见的不健康饮食行为是挑食、主动进食能力差、不良进食习惯等。不同性别的挑食,不良进食习惯及过饱响应得分差异均有统计学意义(t=3.650,2.024,3.707,P<0.05)。抚养人教育背景不同,儿童挑食行为得分差异有统计学意义(F=3.126,P=0.026)。抚养人身体状况不同,儿童主动进食能力得分差异有统计学意义(F=5.052,P=0.007)。家庭常住人口数不同,学龄前儿童的挑食行为,不良进食习惯得分差异有统计学意义(t=6.442,3.515,P<0.05)。经多元线性回归分析,影响学龄前儿童饮食行为的因素依次为是否独生子女、家庭常驻人口数、体重指数及抚养人教育背景。结论加强抚养人知识储备和健康抚养观念的建立,家庭成员统一抚养观念,减少肥胖/超重儿童不良进食习惯,是培养学龄前儿童健康饮食行为,促进身心健康的有效措施。

关键词: 学龄前儿童, 饮食习惯, 行为特征

Abstract: Objectives To investigate the characteristics of unhealthy eating behaviors of preschool children in Xi′an,and to systematically analyze the influencing factors,so as to provide basis for regulating good eating behavior and promoting reasonable diet for preschool children. Methods A total of 306 preschool children were selected in 6 community health service centers from August to December 2017,and were investigated by the Preschool Children′s Dietary Behavior Scale with high reliability and validity.The influencing factors for eating behaviors of children were analyzed by multiple linear regression method. Results The most common unhealthy eating behaviors of preschool children in Xi′an community included picky eating,active eating ability,poor eating habits and so on.There were significant differences on picky eating,poor eating habits and satiety response scores between boys and girls (t=3.650,2.024,3.707,P<0.05).The main caregivers and their educational backgrounds had significant effects on picky eating behavior of preschool children (F=3.126,P=0.026).The score of active eating ability in children whose caregivers had different health conditions was significantly different (F=5.052,P=0.007).Also,significant difference existed on the scores of picky eating behavior and bad eating habits of preschool children with different family members (t=6.442,3.515,P<0.05).Multiple linear regression method indicated that influencing factors for eating behavior of preschool children included the only child,the number of resident population in family,body mass index and education background of caregivers. Conclusion The key interventions for developing healthy eating behaviors and promoting physical and mental health include strengthening the establishment of the knowledge and the concept of health support for the caregivers,unifying parenting concept of the family members,and reducing the bad eating habits of obese/overweight children.

Key words: preschoolchildren, eatinghabits, behaviorcharacteristics

中图分类号:

R179

谭姣, 郑兴荣, 马永红, 石明娟, 雷静, 宋振中. 西安市新城区学龄前儿童饮食行为特征及影响因素分析[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2019, 27(11): 1188-1191.

TAN Jiao, ZHENG Xing-rong, MA Yong-hong, SHI Ming-juan, LEI Jing, SONG Zhen-zhong. Analysis of the current status and influencing factors for eating behavior characteristicsof preschool children in Xincheng district of Xi′an community[J]. journal1, 2019, 27(11): 1188-1191.

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西安市新城区学龄前儿童饮食行为特征及影响因素分析

Analysis of the current status and influencing factors for eating behavior characteristicsof preschool children in Xincheng district of Xi′an community

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