关键词: 早产儿, 睡眠模式, 3~6岁儿童

Abstract: Objective To comparative analyze sleep patterns in 3-to 6-year-old preterm and full term children in Shanghai,in order to provide reference for further exploring the effect of preterm on sleep patterns. Methods Totally 8 586 children from 20 kindergartens in Shanghai were selected by a random cluster sampling survey from May to June 2018,of whom 848 were preterm infants.Children's parents were investigated by a self-designed questionnaire to collect basic information about children and their family and sleep habits. Results Preterm children woke up earlier than full term children[(6:58±0:28) vs.(7:06±0:27), t=-2.675,P＜0.05].And the nighttime sleep time[(9.19 ± 0.92) h] and the daily total sleep time[(10.78 ± 1.11) h] of preterm children were significantly less than those of full term children[(9.29±0.77) h,(10.88±0.99)h,t=-3.191,-2.363,P＜0.05].The prevalence of sleep deficiency in preterm children was significantly higher than that in full term children (16.3% vs.11.7%,χ²=14.624,P＜0.001).And the prevalence of sleep deficiency increased with age in preterm children and full term children (χ²=20.024,207.074,P＜0.001).Sleep deficiency in children was associated with their age,premature birth,parents' profession,per-capita disposable income and marital status. Conclusions The sleep pattern in 3- to 6-year-old preterm children is less mature than that of full term children in Shanghai,and improvement and fixed of sleep pattern are delayed,suggesting that the maturity of nervous system in preterm children is worse than that in full term children.Thus more attention should be paid to sleep guidance and intervention in follow-up of preterm children.

Key words: preterm children, sleep pattern, 3- to 6-year-old children