上海市0~3岁婴幼儿托育服务需求、利用与供给现况研究

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2020-1630

中国儿童保健杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (5): 532-536.DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2020-1630

上海市0~3岁婴幼儿托育服务需求、利用与供给现况研究

张海峰^1,2, 黄楹^1,2, 童连^1,2, 钱序^1,2

1.复旦大学公共卫生学院妇幼与儿少卫生教研室,上海 200032;
2.复旦大学公共卫生安全教育部重点实验室, 上海 200032

收稿日期:2020-09-01 修回日期:2020-12-01 发布日期:2021-05-26
通讯作者: 童连,E-mail:ltong@fudan.edu.cn
作者简介:张海峰(1995-),男,安徽人,全日制MPH研究生,主要研究方向为0~3岁幼儿托育和儿童早期发展。
基金资助:
国家社会科学基金(20BRK048);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(18YJCZH165);上海市婴幼儿照护服务现况分析研究[国际救助儿童会(英国)北京代表处]

Demand,utilization and supply of early childhood education and care service for children aged 0 to 3 years in Shanghai

ZHANG Hai-feng, HUANG Ying, TONG Lian, QIAN Xu

Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health;Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Chinese Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China

Received:2020-09-01 Revised:2020-12-01 Published:2021-05-26
Contact: TONG Lian,E-mail:ltong@fudan.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解上海市0~3岁婴幼儿托育服务需求、利用和供给现状,找准差距,为增加0~3岁婴幼儿托育服务有效供给提供对策建议。方法本研究采用分层多阶段抽样方法,抽取上海市部分区的社区卫生服务中心儿保科以及妇幼保健院儿保门诊,由门诊医生让前来体检和就诊的0~3岁儿童家长填写线上问卷,共收集有效问卷2 101份。结果上海市0~3岁婴幼儿托育服务需求率为44.5%(750/1 686),90%以上家长希望托育机构设在社区并提供早期教育服务,61.8%(463/750)的家庭可承受入托最高费用在3 000元及以下/月。0~3岁婴幼儿托育服务的利用率为19.8%,上海市可提供托育服务的机构共有737家,其中获得托育服务许可告知书的托育机构204家,带托班的幼儿园496家,托儿所37家。家长报告的托育机构每月收费在3 000元及以下的仅占21.4%(89/415),在3 000~7 000元之间的占72.8%(302/415)。此外,已获得托育许可告知书的托育机构登记的月平均收费为7 536元,3 000元及以下/月的仅占27.6%。结论上海市的托育服务需求较高,供给模式多样化,托育服务的利用率和供给近年有所提升,但低年龄段幼儿托育服务需求与供给不均衡,实收托育费用高于家长预期,提示应对准需求点,大力发展普惠性托育和社区托育,提高托育服务的有效供给。

关键词: 托育服务, 托育机构, 0~3岁婴幼儿, 供需, 利用

Abstract: Objective To clarify the demand, utilization and supply of early childhood education and care (ECEC) services for children aged 0 to 3 years in Shanghai, in order to provide evidence for giving related suggestions. Methods Departments of Children Health Care in community in health care centers of Shanghai were selected by stratified multi-stage sampling method.The outpatient doctors asked parents of children aged 0 to 3 years who came to the clinic to fill out an online questionnaire.A total of 2 101 parents of children aged 0 to 3 years were recruited and completed the questionnaire survey. Results The demand rate of ECEC services for children aged 0 to 3 years in Shanghai was 44.5% (750/1 686).Over 90% of families preferred to community-based ECEC service and early education services offered by ECEC institutions.And 61.8% (463/750) of families had a maximum affordable cost ≤3 000 yuan per month.The utilization rate of ECEC services for children aged 0 to 3 years in Shanghai was 19.8%.There were 737 institutions in Shanghai that could provide ECEC services, including 204 institutions with notification of ECEC services, 496 kindergartens offered ECEC service for children under 3 years old, and 37 nurseries.Only 21.4% (89/415) of parents reported monthly fee of ECEC institutions ≤3 000 yuan, and 72.8%(89/415) of parents reported fee between 3 001—7 000 yuan per month.The finding showed that the mean fee for the institutions obtained official permission of establishment was 7 536 yuan per month, and only 27.6% of those kind institutions charged ≤3 000 yuan a month per month. Conclusions The utilization and supply of ECEC services have been increased by offering various forms of services in Shanghai.However, the gap still exists between demand and supply, and the cost of ECEC services is higher than what parents expected, suggesting that developing assessable community-based and affordable services may increase the effective supply of ECEC in Shanghai.

Key words: early childhood education and care, childcare, children under 3 years old, supply and demand, utilization

中图分类号:

R179

张海峰, 黄楹, 童连, 钱序. 上海市0~3岁婴幼儿托育服务需求、利用与供给现况研究[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2021, 29(5): 532-536.

ZHANG Hai-feng, HUANG Ying, TONG Lian, QIAN Xu. Demand,utilization and supply of early childhood education and care service for children aged 0 to 3 years in Shanghai[J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2021, 29(5): 532-536.

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上海市0~3岁婴幼儿托育服务需求、利用与供给现况研究

Demand,utilization and supply of early childhood education and care service for children aged 0 to 3 years in Shanghai

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