关键词: 二孩家庭, 长子女, 情绪, 行为, 家庭生态系统

Abstract: Objective To study the emotional and behavioral problems of older children in two-child families, and to analyze the influencing factors within the family ecosystem. Methods From April to July, 2020, 538 older children in Shangqiu city, Henan Province were selected as the participants. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Children's Parenting Style Questionnaire and Family Intimacy and Adaptability Scale were used to conduct the survey. Results The abnormal detection rate of emotional and behavioral difficulties was 15.1% (81/538). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the age gap of 8 to 13 years old (OR=2.406, 95%CI:1.159-4.995), competitive sibling relationship (OR=4.773, 95%CI:1.933-11.785), overprotection of parents (OR=2.821, 95%CI:1.076-7.392)/(OR=4.113,95%CI:1.903-8.890), fathers' rejection (OR=3.215, 95%CI:1.324-7.807), and regular families (OR=4.055, 95%CI:1.312-12.533) significantly increased the risk of emotional and behavioral problems in middle and older children. Compared with temperament of depression, the risk of emotional and behavioral problems in the children of other temperament types was significantly reduced (OR=0.227, 0.228, 0.230, 95%CI:0.073-0.707, 0.069-0.754, 0.071-0.744). And the risk of emotional and behavioral problems in the children of other high-income families was significantly reduced (OR=0.272, 0.334, 0.133, 0.228, 95%CI:0.095-0.778, 0.119-0.939, 0.035-0.501,0.056-0.924) compared with the children in low-income families (monthly income < 2 000 yuan). Conclusions The emotional and behavioral problems of the older children in the two-child family are more prevalent than those of the children and adolescents at the same time. Therefore, attention should be paid to the older children in the two-child family, and targeted interventions should be conducted according to different characteristics of individuals.

Key words: two-child family, older children, emotions, behavior, home ecosystem