关键词: 儿童, 孤独症谱系障碍, 感觉加工异常

Abstract: Objective To analyze the characteristics of sensory abnormalities in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), so as to provide reference for early diagnosis and scientific intervention of ASD children. Method A cross-sectional survey was conducted, and 234 ASD children who took rehabilitation training in Nantong rehabilitation institutions were enrolled in this study from August 2021 to February 2022. Simplified Sensory Profile (SSP) was used to investigate children's sensory characteristics. Results Among 234 ASD children, 128(54.7%) had abnormal total scores of sensory characteristics, including 58 (24.8%) with possible abnormalities and 70 (29.9%) with obvious abnormalities. Among the seven dimensions, the abnormal rate of auditory filtering was the highest (82.1%), followed by low strength/weakness, movement sensitivity, taste/smell sensitivity, low response/sensation seeking, vision/hearing sensitivity and touch sensitivity. The total prevalence rate of paresthesia was 91.0%. There was no significant difference in the score of SSP scale among ASD children at different gender and age groups (t=1.200, 1.124, P>0.05). The detection rate of sensory abnormalities in boys was 56.8%, which was significantly higher than that in girls (47.1%) (χ²=6.882, P<0.05). But there was no significant difference in the distribution of sensory abnormalities among children at different age groups (χ²=0.454, P>0.05). Conclusion Sensory processing abnormalities are common in ASD children, and more obvious in male children.

Key words: children, autism spectrum disorder, sensory processing abnormalities