关键词: 超重, 肥胖, 儿童, 智力水平, 执行功能

Abstract: Objective To explore the differences in intelligence and executive function between overweight/obese children and normal weight children, in order to provide scientific reference for early intervention of overweight and obesity. Methods A total of 341 children aged 6 to 9 were enrolled from the Center for Child and Adolescent Psychology and Behavioral Development of Sun Yat-sen University from October 2021 to April 2022, including 56 overweight/obese children and 285 normal weight children. The height and weight of children were measured. The China-Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition (WISC-Ⅳ) and the Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) were used to assess the intelligence and executive function of children. Results There were no significant differences in intelligence quotient (IQ) scores between the two groups(P＞0.05). The overweight and obese group had higher scores of behavioral regulation index(BRI), metacogniton index(MI) and other factors than the normal weight group, which was more common in the male group (P＜0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that overweight and obesity were related to the increased risk of abnormal total score of executive function (OR=10.46, 95%CI:4.80 - 22.82,P<0.001), BRI (OR=15.98, 95%CI:5.56 - 45.93,P<0.001) and MI (OR=4.74, 95%CI:2.49 - 9.04,P<0.001). Conclusion There is no significant difference in intelligence between overweight/obese children and normal weight children, but their executive function of daily life is widely impaired.

Key words: overweight, obesity, children, intellectual ability, executive function