关键词: 学习障碍, 儿童, 饮食行为, 膳食结构

Abstract: Objective To explore the relationship between learning disabilities(LD)and dietary patterns /dietary behaviors in children with LD,for improving their eating patterns and dietary behaviors so as to reveal the probable etiology of LD. Method The LD children(n=49)and control(n=50)were selected from 390 students in grade three to six in Guangzhou according with DSM-IV LD diagnostic criteria.The eating behaviors and patterns were investigated by questionnaires. Results The height and weight showed no significant difference between two groups(height,t=0.056;weight,t=0.75,all P>0.05).In dietary patterns ,eat more roughage was protective factors for LD(B=-0.549,OR=0.578).But more beans and bean products was risk factors for LD(B=0.429,OR=1.535).Both groups children's breakfast consisted of more grain and lack of milk or milk products,egg,meat,vegetable and fruit.The knowledge about healthy breakfast in control group was better than LD group(χ²=9.464,P=0.009).In dietary behaviors:less snacks and advisable food selected in breakfast were protective factors for LD(B=-0.694,OR=0.500,B=-0.328,OR=0.721).High family income was protective factors for LD(B=-0.753,OR=0.471)and the parents education background was poorer in LD than control group(χ²=20.067,P=0.000). Conclusions The breakfast eating pattern is not rational in two groups.The knowledge of nourishing breakfast in control children is better than LD children.Advisable breakfast choices is very important for LD children.Incorrect components of diet and not having adequate breakfast may be one of important environmental causes in forming LD.

Key words: learning disabilities, children, dietary behaviors, dietary patterns