关键词: 农村地区, 儿童, 免疫接种, 覆盖现状, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To investigate the current status of child immunization during 2008-2012 in rural western and central China. Methods Gansu, Guizhou, Guangxi and Shaanxi were selected as the investigated provinces.Maternal and child health intervention coverage questionnaire developed according to the maternal and child death predictive software LiST(the Lives Saved Tool) was applied in the one-time cross-sectional investigation. Results Bacille Calmette-Guéri(BCG) vaccine coverage rate was the highest in 2012, which reached to 99% in the investigated regions, followed by the measles vaccine, all above 95%.Polio vaccine, diphtheriatetanus and pertussis (DPT) vaccine, Hepatitis B vaccine coverage rates were around 80%.National unplanned vaccines such as flu bloodthirsty bacillus vaccine, pneumococcal vaccine, rotavirus vaccine rates were all lower than 10%.The eligible-age child vaccination rates for BCG vaccine, measles vaccine, Hepatitis B vaccine among children born in 2012 in investigated region were 96.4%, 89.4%, 79.3% respectively, while the other eligible-age child vaccination rates were all lower than 60%. Conclusions Improving eligible vaccination rate should be taken as an important indicator in evaluating the quality of rural immunization.Children from minority, lower education family and with younger parents should be received higher attention.Concerning the confirmed effects of haemophilus influenzae type B vaccine and pneumococcal vaccine, whether those will be included into national immunization planning framework needs future program verification.

Key words: rural China, children, immunization, coverage, risk factor