关键词: 新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征, 肺表面活性物质, 早产儿

Abstract: Objective To study changes of treatment in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) during 1998-2012. Methods Retrospective observational study of infants, <34 weeks gestation, born between January 1998 and December 2012.A group was the cases during the first 7 years(n=63), and B group was the cases during the next 8 years(n=151).Perinatal data, birth history treatment (including respiratory support, surfactant therapy and doses), complications and outcomes were compared. Results The birth weight of B group was (1 284.50±252.153)g, significantly lower than A group [(1 424.27±329.44)g](t=3.292, P<0.001).The amount of surfactant in group was (169.66±57.97) mg, significantly lower than that of B group [(195.00±59.87) mg](P=0.041).The requirement of intubation ventilation support in A group was 39 cases (90.7%), higher than 85 cases in B group (70.8%)(χ²=6.86, P<0.01).In group B, 33 cases (27.5%) developed BPD, which was more than 4 cases (9.3%) in A group (χ²=5.97, P=0.02).The length of hospitalization, NICU stay and oxygen dependence in B group were longer than A group.The mortality of B group was lower than A group, 11.7% versus 27.9% (χ²=6.23, P=0.01). Conclusion In the last decades, exogenous surfactant replacement has been established as an effective and safe therapy in RDS preterm infants.

Key words: respiratory distress syndrome, surfactant, preterm infants