小于胎龄儿的营养管理

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-11-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 小于胎龄儿(SGA)是导致围生期患儿发病和死亡的重要原因之一,并与儿童智力水平下降以及成年后发生身材矮小、心血管疾病、代谢综合征等相关。早期积极的营养支持有利于改善神经系统的发育、增强抗感染能力,但出生后早期生长过快又与胰岛素抵抗、代谢综合征等相关。如何权衡利弊,为SGA提供合理的营养支持是目前面临的重要挑战。本文就SGA的营养需求、肠内喂养策略、合理生长速度进行综述,旨在提高SGA营养管理质量,改善SGA预后。

关键词: 小于胎龄儿, 营养管理, 预后

Abstract: Small for gestational age (SGA) is one of the most important causes for the morbidity and mortality of perinatal infants. Early nutrition is an important determinant of growth, morbidity and psychomotor development in SGA. Aggressive nutrition helps improve postnatal growth retardation, decreases morbidity and is positively related to psychomotor development. There is a consistent association between rapid infancy growth and metabolic syndrome in childhood and later life. So, to balance the benefits and disadvantages of rapid early growth is critically challenging. This review summarizes the optimal nutrition management for SGA newborns, in order to provide evidence for facilitating the quality of nutritional management for SGA,thereby improving the prognosis of SGA.

Key words: small for gestational age, nutrition management, prognosis

中图分类号:

R179

林榕,吴明远. 小于胎龄儿的营养管理[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2018, 26(11): 1203-1206.

LIN Rong, WU Ming-yuan. Nutrition management of small for gestational age[J]. journal1, 2018, 26(11): 1203-1206.

0
/ / 推荐

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://manu41.magtech.com.cn/Jwk_zgetbjzz/CN/10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-11-11

https://manu41.magtech.com.cn/Jwk_zgetbjzz/CN/Y2018/V26/I11/1203

参考文献

[1] 邬方彦, 周鸣, 赵玮婷,等. 高危早产儿宫外生长迟缓的危险因素分析[J].中国新生儿科杂志,2015,30(1):43-47.
[2] 极低出生体重儿营养与生长发育研究协作组. 极低出生体重儿院内生长发育状态多中心回顾性研究[J].中华儿科杂志, 2013,51(1):4-11.
[3] Ehrenkranz RA. Extrauterine growth restriction:is it preventable?[J].J Pediatr (Rio J), 2014,90(1):1-3.
[4] Okada T, Takahashi S, Nagano N, et al. Early postnatal alteration of body composition in preterm and small-for-gestational-age infants:implications of catch-up fat[J].Pediatr Res, 2015,77(1-2):136-142.
[5] Gruszfeld D, Socha P. Early nutrition and health:short-and long-term outcomes[J].World Rev Nutr Diet,2013,108:32-39.
[6] Roth CL, Sathyanarayana S. Mechanisms affecting neuroendocrine and epigenetic regulation of body weight and onset of puberty:potential implications in the child born small for gestational age (SGA)[J].Rev Endocr Metab Disord,2012,13(2):129-140.
[7] Yagasaki H, Murakami Y, Ohyama T, et al. Total energy intake accounts for postnatal anthropometric growth in moderately/late preterm infants[J].J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med,2017,30(9):1080-1084.
[8] Levene MI, Tudehope DI, Thearle MJ. Essentials of neonatal medicine[M].Austrilia:Blackwell science Pty Ltd,2000:87.
[9] Edmond K, Bahl R. Optimal feeding of low-birth-weight infants[EB/OL].http:∥www.who.int/iris/handle/10665/43602.
[10] Tudehope D, Vento M, Bhutta Z, et al. Nutritional requirements and feeding recommendations for small for gestational age infants[J].J Pediatr, 2013,162(Suppl 3):81-89.
[11] Brown LD, Hendrickson K, Masor ML, et al. High-protein formulas:evidence for use in preterm infants[J].Clin Perinatol, 2014,41(2):383-403.
[12] Morgan C. Early amino acid administration in very preterm infants:too little, too late or too much, too soon?[J].Semin Fetal Neonatal Med, 2013,18(3):160-165.
[13] Ree IM, Smits-Wintjens VE, Rijntjes-Jacobs EG, et al. Necrotizing enterocolitis in small-for-gestational-age neonates:a matched case-control study[J].Neonatology, 2014,105(1):74-78.
[14] Qian T, Zhang R, Zhu L, et al. Necrotizing enterocolitis in low birth weight infants in China:mortality risk factors expressed by birth weight categories[J].Pediatr Neonatol, 2017,58(6):509-515.
[15] Barone G, Maggio L, Saracino A, et al. How to feed small for gestational age newborns[J].Ital J Pediatr,2013,39:28.
[16] Herrmann K, Carroll K. An exclusively human milk diet reduces necrotizing enterocolitis[J].Breastfeed Med, 2014,9(4):184-190.
[17] Gibertoni D, Corvaglia L, Vandini S, et al. Positive effect of human milk feeding during NICU hospitalization on 24 month neurodevelopment of very low birth weight infants:an Italian cohort study[J].PLoS One, 2015,10(1):e0116552.
[18] Arnon S, Sulam D, Konikoff F, et al. Very early feeding in stable small for gestational age preterm infants:a randomized clinical trial[J].J Pediatr (Rio J),2013,89(4):388-393.
[19] Lee SM, Namgung R, Park MS, et al. Parenteral nutrition associated cholestasis is earlier, more prolonged and severe in small for gestational age compared with appropriate for gestational age very low birth weight infants[J].Yonsei Med J,2013,54(4):839-844.
[20] Zecca E, Costa S, Barone G, et al. Proactive enteral nutrition in moderately preterm small for gestational age infants:a randomized clinical trial[J].J Pediatr,2014,165(6):1135-1139
[21] Karagol BS, Zenciroglu A, Okumus N, et al. Randomized controlled trial of slow vs rapid enteral feeding advancements on the clinical outcomes of preterm infants with birth weight 750~1 250 g[J].J Parenter Enteral Nutr,2013,37(2):223-228.
[22] Premji SS, Chessell L. Continuous nasogastric milk feeding versus intermittent bolus milk feeding for premature infants less than 1 500 grams[J].Cochrane Database Syst Rev,2011:CD001819.
[23] Davis TA, Fiorotto ML, Suryawan A. Bolus vs. continuous feeding to optimize anabolism in neonates[J].Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care, 2015, 18(1):102-108.
[24] Dutta S, Singh B, Chessell L, et al. Guidelines for feeding very low birth weight infants[J].Nutrients,2015,7:423-442.
[25] Guellec I, Lapillonne A, Marret S, et al. Effect of intra-and extrauterine growth on long-term neurologic outcomes of very preterm infants[J].J Pediatr,2016,175:93-99.
[26] Taine M, Stengel B, Forhan A, et al. Rapid early growth may modulate the association between birth weight and blood pressure at 5 years in the EDEN cohort study[J].Hypertension, 2016,68:859-865.
[27] Lei X, Chen Y, Ye J, et al. The optimal postnatal growth trajectory for term small for gestational age babies:a prospective cohort study[J].J Pediatr,2015,166(1):54-58.
[28] Bhatia J. Growth curves:how to best measure growth of the preterm infant[J].J Pediatr,2013,162(Suppl 3):2-6.
[29] Hair AB, Hawthorne KM, Chetta KE, et al. Human milk feeding supports adequate growth in infants ≤1 250 grams birth weight[J].BMC Res Notes, 2013, 6:459.
[30] Martin CR, Brown YF, Ehrenkranz RA, et al. Nutritional practices and growth velocity in the first month of life in extremely premature infants[J].Pediatrics,2009,124(2):649-657.