关键词: 发育性阅读障碍, 儿童, 儿童汉语阅读障碍量表, 认知能力, 识字量

Abstract: Objective To study eight cognitive processing abilities in Chinese children with developmental dyslexia (DD),and to initially explore the main characteristics of cognitive processing defects and its causal relationship with DD. Methods A total of 28 DD children were enrolled in case group,and 28 normal children with matched reading-level (RL) and 28 normal children with equivalent chronological age(CA) were selected as control group.The Dyslexia Checklist for Chinese Children (DCCC) was used to compare the multiple of cognitive processing characteristics in children of three groups. Results The T scores of DCCC(F=8.05),written expression disorder(F=12.20),unhealthy reading habits(F=4.14),attention deficits(F=4.57),visual perception deficits(F=12.29),writing disorder(F=7.26),auditory perceptual deficits(F=5.56)and meaning comprehension disorder(F=4.79)in DD children were significantly higher than those of the controls (P<0.05).But the scores of spoken language barriers(F=1.55)among three groups were not significantly different (P>0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with reading level,visual impairment (OR=0.915,95%CI:0.838~0.999) was the main defect in Chinese DD children;Compared with chronological age,visual impairment (OR=0.908,95%CI:0.828~0.996) and written expression disorder (OR=0.818,95%CI:0.695~0.963) were the main defects of Chinese DD children. Conclusions Multiple cognitive deficits exist in Chinese DD children.The core defect of Chinese DD is visual impairment,and written expression disorder may be greatly influenced by reading level.

Key words: developmental dyslexia, children, Dyslexia Checklist for Chinese Children, cognitive abilities, literacy