关键词: 极低出生体重儿, 母乳, 母乳强化剂, 生长发育, 喂养不耐受, 坏死性小肠结肠炎

Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of early breast milk and breast milk fortifiers on the growth and development as well as nutritional status of very low birth weight infants(VLBWI),so as to provide evidence for clinical application. Methods A total of 300 cases of VLBWI admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of People′s Hospital of Kaizhou District from January 2016 to May 2019 were selected as the study objects. According to different feeding methods,the infants were divided into breast milk group,breast milk combined with breast milk fortifier group,premature formula milk group,breast milk combined with premature formula milk group,with 75 cases in each group. The growth and development,nutritional status and complications of the four groups were compared. Results There was no significant difference in average weight growth rate,average body length growth rate,average head circumference growth rate and time taken to recover to birth weight among the four groups(F=0.083,1.217,1.225,1.512,P＞0.05).The rates of feeding intolerance and necrotizing enterocolitis in the breast milk combined with breast milk fortifier group were significantly lower than those in the preterm formula milk group,breast milk combined with preterm formula milk group(x²=14.620,10.170, 6.996,5.042,P＜0.05).In terms of the rates of bronchopulmonary dysplasia,nosocomial infection and retinopathy,the difference was not statistically significant among the four groups(x²=1.542,0.896,0.779,P＞0.05). Conclusions The growth,development and nutritional status of very low birth weight infants fed with early breast milk and breast milk fortifiers will not be impacted. Meanwhile,early breast milk and breast milk fortifiers can reduce the incidence of feeding intolerance and complications of necrotizing enterocolitis,which can be promoted in clinical practice.

Key words: very low birth weight infants, breast milk, breast milk fortifiers, growth and development, feeding intolerance, necrotizing enterocolitis