关键词: 儿童, 注意缺陷多动障碍, DSM-Ⅳ, DSM-5

Abstract: Objective To compare the similarities and differences in the diagnosis of children's attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) between Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-Ⅳ) and fifth edition (DSM-5), so as to evaluate the clinical efficacy. Methods From November 2013 to March 2014, all children suspected with ADHD who visited the developmental behavioral pediatric ADHD clinic of Shanghai Children's Medical Center were selected.All children were diagnosed according to the diagnostic criteria of DSM-Ⅳ and DSM-5, and were divided into three subtypes of attention deficit type, hyperactivity/impulse type and mixed type ADHD according to their symptoms.The clinical efficacy between the two methods was compared. Result The diagnostic rates of all children suspected with ADHD and the subtypes of ADHD between DSM-Ⅳ and DSM-5 were highly consistent, and the positive rate of diagnosis had no significant difference (χ²=0.881,P=0.076). Conclusions DSM-5 is highly consistent with DSM-Ⅳ in diagnosing each type of ADHD.And DSM-5 is more appropriate for diagnosing ADHD by specifying the items and ages.

Key words: children, attention and deficit hyperactive disorder, DSM-Ⅳ, DSM-5