关键词: 母乳, 多不饱和脂肪酸, 免疫因子, 过敏性疾病

Abstract: Objective To investigate the differences of human breast milk polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and cytokines between mothers with and without allergic diseases,and to analyse the relationship between human breast milk PUFAs and immune factors. Methods A total of 80 breastfeeding mothers were recruited in this study.Breast milk samples at 2 week and 4 week postpartum were collected.Maternal allergic history were investigated by questionnaire.Fatty acid concentrations in breast milk were analyzed by gas chromatography.soluble CD14 (sCD14) and IgE were analyzed by ELISA,while interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and Eotaxin were analyzed by BioPlex suspension array technique. Results The α -linolenic acid (ALA) and n-6 PUFAs metabolic index (n-6LCPUFA/LA) in 2 weeks' breast milk of mothers with allergic dermatitis were lower than breast milk of mothers without allergy,but breast milk's LA/ALA (linoleic acid,LA) both in 2 weeks and 4 weeks were higher than breast milk of mothers without allergy (P<0.05).ALA,eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA),docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in 2 week's breast milk of mothers with rhinitis were lower than breast milk of mothers without allergy (P<0.05).Regardless of allergic and non-allergic mother,many different kinds of n-3 PUFAs (ALA,EPA,C20:3n-3) were positively related to sCD14 but negatively related to the IgE (P<0.05).Many different kinds of n-6 PUFAs (C18:3n-6,C20:3n-6,C22:2n-6) were negatively correlated sCD14 but positively related to Eotaxin and IL-1β (P<0.05). Conclusions There are some differences in breast milk polyunsaturated fatty acids between allergic and non-allergic mothers.The concentrations of body polyunsaturated fatty acids have an important influence on the secretion of immune factors.