关键词: 母乳喂养, 人工喂养, 早产儿, 脑白质损伤

Abstract: Objective To analyze the effect of breastfeeding and artificial feeding on the prognosis of premature infants with white matter injury(WMI), in order to provide evidence for improving the prognosis of brain injury in preterm infants. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on cases of premature infants with WMI during the hospitalization in the neonatal ward of Peking University Third hospital from January 2014 to December 2018 and followed up at the Children's Health Development Center after discharge till corrected gestational age at 12 months. Then children were divided into breastfeeding group (n=69) and artificial feeding group (n=62). The gender, gestational age, birth weight, daily weight gain during hospitalization, hospitalization time, parenteral nutrition time, mechanical ventilation time, nosocomial infection rate and disease incidence rate during hospitalization were compared between breastfeeding group and artificial feeding group. Besides, the weight,total motor development quotient of Peabody Developmental Motor Scales(PMDS) and neuropsychological development score at the corrected gestational age of 2, 6 and 12 months old were compared between the two groups. Results Compared with those in the artificial feeding group, the nosocomial infection rate(25% vs. 58%) and the incidence of periventricular leukomalacia (11% vs. 39%) in breastfeeding group were significantly higher(χ²=4.431, 5.380, P<0.05). The total motor development quotient of the PMDS at the corrected age of 2 months old was significantly higher in the breastfeeding group (95.5±8.8 vs. 91.1±6.7, t=3.238, P＜0.05). Conclusion Breastfeeding plays a crucial role in improving the prognosis of WMI of preterm infants.

Key words: breastfeeding, artificial feeding, premature infants, white matter injure