Abstract: : Objective To explore risk factors of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) births excluding mother's critical basal disease and obstetric risk factors. Methods A total of 550 SGA and 720 appropriate gestational age newborns were analyzed.Mother's stature, body weight, passive smoking and previous abortion or preterm history were collected and stepwise multivariable logistic regression model was constructed for the outcome. Results Risk factors to SGA were pregnant women with low pre-pregnancy body mass index (<18.5 kg/m², OR=2.16, 95%CI:1.53~3.16), short stature (<155 cm, OR=2.46, 95%CI:1.78~3.48), low weight gain during pregnancy (<9 kg, OR=1.92, 95%CI:1.56~2.58) and passive smoking during pregnancy(OR=2.24, 95%CI:1.65~2.98).Pre-pregnancy BMI>24(OR=0.59, 95%CI:0.42~0.86)and weight gain during pregnancy >18 kg(OR=0.62, 95%CI:0.43~0.86)were protective factors of SGA. Conclusion Excluding known clinical risk factors, pre-pregnancy and pregnancy nutrition should be enhanced to add pregnant woman body weight, and protect them from passive smoking environment to reduce the prevalence of SGA.

Key words: small-for-gestational-age, nutrition during pregnancy, passive smoking, risk factors

摘要： 目的 排除已知的孕母疾病和产科危险因素, 分析孕期营养和被动吸烟等因素对小于胎龄儿(small-for-gestational-age, SGA)的影响。方法 以550例小于胎龄儿和720例适于胎龄儿为研究对象, 自制问卷调查母亲身高、体重、被动吸烟和不良孕产史等内容, 用多因素Logistic 回归分析探讨影响因素。结果 母亲孕前体质指数(body mass index, BMI)<18.5 kg/m²(OR=2.16, 95%CI:1.53~3.16)、身高<155 cm(OR=2.46, 95%CI:1.78~3.48)、孕期增重<9 kg(OR=1.92, 95%CI:1.56~2.58)和孕期被动吸烟(OR=2.24, 95%CI:1.65~2.98)是SGA的危险因素, 孕前BMI>24(OR=0.59, 95%CI:0.42~0.86)和孕期增重>18 kg(OR=0.62, 95%CI=0.43~0.86)是SGA的保护因素。结论 除已知的临床危险因素外, 应通过增加孕前和孕期营养, 减少被动吸烟环境等措施, 降低小于胎龄儿的发生。

关键词: 小于胎龄儿, 孕期营养, 被动吸烟, 危险因素